Unit 4 TISSUE Flashcards
(30 cards)
TISSUE
4 TYPES
- Epithelial
- Connective
- Muscular
- Nervous
EPITHELIAL TISSUE FUNCTIONS
- Protection
- Control Permeability
- Sensation
- Secretion
EPITHELIAL TISSUE EASY TO FIND BECAUSE…
- Cells are closely packed
- Cells are attached to a basement membrane
- Located at surfaces (skin), Cavities, Glands, Veins and Bladder
- Avascular (Dont have a direct blood supply)
- Connected by junctions
JUNCTIONS
4 TYPES
Tight - Prevent liquid from flowing between cells
Gap - Transport Ions between cells
Desmosomes - Attach cells side by side for strength Hemidesmosomes - Keep cells attached to the basement membrane
TOP OF EPITHELIAL CELL
(APICAL SURFACE)
(3 TYPES)
Smooth
Microvilli - For absorption of nutrients
Cilia - Moving things around your cell
EPITHELIAL CLASSIFICATION
Simple E. - Only a single layer of cells. Common where secretion and absorption take place
Stratified E. - Multiple layers of cells ares exposed to Mechanical or Chemical damage (Your mouth, nose, Ear) Exposed to outside
EPITHELIAL SHAPES
3
Squamous (FLAT)
Cuboidal (CUBE)
Columnar (COLUMNS)
LAYER + SHAPE
SIMPLE
Simple Squamous - Found in the lining of cavities, blood vessels, and lung air sacs
Simple Cuboidal - Found in the glands very good at secreting things
Simple Columnar - Found in stomach and intestines
Good protection, Secretion and Absorbing
LAYER + SHAPE
STRATIFIED
Stratified Squamous - Surface of the skin, lining of the mouth, throat, anus, vagina. Provides protection to high damage areas
Pseudostratified Ciliated Columnar - Lungs, mostly Bronchi (Air Passages) Moves mucus and dust out of Bronchi and Trachea
Transitional - Found in Bladder, Very stretchy (Allows bladder to fill w/ liquid)
GLANDS
2 MAJOR PARTS
Glands are made of simple Cuboidal Epithelial cells and they secrete substances
Exocrine - Surface of body
Endocrine - Surface of blood
3 TYPES OF EXOCRINE GLANDS
Merocrine - Cell stays normal and they secrete outside of them (SWEAT GLANDS)
Holocrine - Where cell dissolves and secretes onto your skin (SEBACEOUS GLANDS)
Apocrine - Top of cell dissolves and secretes out (MAMMARY GLANDS/BREAST)
CONNECTIVE TISSUE
Cells are typically spread out in a liquid or gel like substance called matrix
CONNECTIVE TISSUE FUNCTIONS
4
Support and Protect
Transport materials
Store energy
Defend
3 MAJOR CONNECTIVE TISSUE
Connective Tissue Proper
Fluid Connective Tissue
Supporting Connective Tissue
CONNECTIVE TISSUE PROPER
2 CELLS
Fibroblasts - Make new connective tissue
Adipocytes - Fat cells
CONNECTIVE TISSUE PROPER
3 FIBERS
Collage - Makes them strong
Elastic - Makes them stretchy
Reticular - Makes nets/mesh work structures
CONNECTIVE TISSUE PROPER
TYPES
Loose
Dense (Regular and Irregular
/ \
Tendons = muscle to bone) (Ligaments = bone to bone)
LOSE TISSUES
3 TYPES
Aresolar - Cushions beneath the skin and organs
Adipose - Cushioning and energy storage (Fat tissue)
Reticular - Makes up around spleen and live (Supports)
FLUID CONNECTIVE TISSUE
2 TYPES
Blood
Lymph
SUPPORTING CONNECTIVE TISSUE
2 TYPES + CELLS
Cartilage - Chondrocytes
Bone - Osteocytes
CARTILAGE
3 TYPES
Fibrocartilage - Discs between vertebral, Menisci (Knee Pads), Pubic symphysis
Hyaline - Located in tips of bones, Trachea and Bronchi
MEMBRANES
Are protecting linings and may secrete
Are formed by combining Epithelial and Connective Tissue
4 TYPES OF MEMBRANES
Mucous - (Secrete Mucus)(Find in openings of body)
Serous - (Linings of cavities)(Reduce friction between cavity walls and organs. Protection from damage)
Cutaneous - (Skin)
Synovial - (Found in Joints, Fluids that help them move better)
INFLAMMATION
When tissue get injured they go through inflammation
