Unit 4 vocab

Question 1

state

Answer 1

a geographical area that has set, recognized boundaries and has an independent government or ruler

Question 2

sovereignty

Answer 2

the supreme authority of a state to govern itself and make decisions without interference from external forces

Question 3

nation

Answer 3

a community of people united by common descent, history, culture or language sometimes composed of one or more nationalities and possessing a more or less defined territory or government

Question 4

nation-state

Answer 4

a sovereign territory with one group of individuals that share a common history

Question 5

stateless nation

Answer 5

an ethnic group or nation that doesn’t not possess its own sovereign state

Question 6

multinational state

Answer 6

a state that contains two or more national groups, where no single group is dominant demographically, culturally or politically

Question 7

autonomous state

Answer 7

a designated area within a country that has a degree of self - governance, allowing it to make certain political, economic, and cultural decisions independently from the central government

Question 8

semi autonomous state

Answer 8

a territorial area with a larger governing entity that remains some degree of self-governance

Question 9

multi state nation

Answer 9

a sovereign entity that comprises two or more nations or states

Question 10

centripetal force

Answer 10

a force that unifies people in a state or brings people to the state

Question 11

centrifugal force

Answer 11

a force that pulls a country or region apart or pushes people away

Question 12

imperialism

Answer 12

a system of domination of one geographical area over others usually by territorial acquisition or by gaining political and economic control

Question 13

colonialism

Answer 13

control by one power over a dependent area or people

Question 14

Berlin Conference

Answer 14

Meeting at which the major European powers negotiated and formalized claims to territory in Africa

Question 15

self-determination

Answer 15

the process by which a group of people form their own state an choose their own government

Question 16

decolonization

Answer 16

process by which colonies become independent of colonizing country

Question 17

genocide

Answer 17

certain acts committed with intent to destroy, in part or in whole, a national, ethnic, racial, or religious group

Question 18

Cold war

Answer 18

a period of global geopolitical rivalry between the US and the USSR and their respective allies which lasted from 1947 to 1991 with the dissolution of the USSR

Question 19

devolution

Answer 19

the process by which regions within a state demand and gain political strength and growing autonomy at the expense of the central government

Question 20

territoriality

Answer 20

the process of establishing ownership and control over a space, whether it is a physical location or a broader neighborhood

Question 21

neocolonialism

Answer 21

the control by a state over another nominally independent state through indirect means

Question 22

choke point

Answer 22

geographical locations where the flow of people ad good can be constricted and choked off I am event of conflict

Question 23

antecedent boundary

Answer 23

a boundary that already existed before the present settlement and before the area was populated

Question 24

subsequent boundary

Answer 24

a political boundary that is established after a certain cultural or social landscape has developed

Question 25

superimposed boundary

Answer 25

a political boundary that has been imposed on a region by an external authority often without regard for existing cultural or ethnic divisions

Question 26

relic boundary

Answer 26

a boundary that no longer exists although may still appear on the cultural landscape

Question 27

geometric boundary

Answer 27

A boundary created by using lines of latitude and longitude and their associated arcs

Question 28

cultural consequent boundary

Answer 28

a political boundary that is drawn to specifically accommodate existing cultural differences within a region

Question 29

physical consequent boundary

Answer 29

formed based on cultural, ethnic, or social characteristics of a population to create harmony

Question 30

militarized boundary

Answer 30

boundary that is heavily guarded and discourages crossing and movement

Question 31

defined boundary

Answer 31

the specific and clear demarcation of a territory, outlining the limits of political control and governance

Question 32

delimited boundary

Answer 32

the lines that drawn on a map to represent the limits of a territory or political entity

Question 33

demarcated boundary

Answer 33

the border that separates two countries or the river that divides two regions

Question 34

definitional boundary dispute

Answer 34

when two political entity cannot agree on a common definition of where their boundaries lie

Question 35

locational boundary dispute (territorial dispute)

Answer 35

a disagreement between two or more states about which state exercises sovereignty over a certain part of territory

Question 36

irredentism

Answer 36

restoring territories that are claimed to have once belonged to a nation

Question 37

operational boundary dispute (functional dispute)

Answer 37

dispute over how both sides of boundary operate differently

Question 38

allocational boundary (resource dispute)

Answer 38

a dispute over the right to resources

Question 39

administered boundary

Answer 39

a political boundary that is actively managed, protected, and enforced y a sovereign government

Question 40

demilitarized zone

Answer 40

an area agreed upon between two parties to an armed conflict which cannot be occupied or used for military purposes by any party

Question 41

exclave

Answer 41

a portion of a state or district geographically separated from the main part, by the surrounding alien area

Question 42

political enclave

Answer 42

a piece of land belonging to one country that is completely surrounded by another country or region

Question 43

shatter belt

Question 44

United Nations

Question 45

Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS)

Question 46

territorial sea

Question 47

international waters

Question 48

exclusive economic zone (EEZ)

Question 49

internal boundary

Question 50

voting districts

Question 51

census

Answer 51

summary statistics that describe geographic areas

Question 52

redistricting

Question 53

gerrymandering

Question 54

federal state

Question 55

unitary state

Question 56

ethnic separatism

Question 57

ethnic cleansing

Question 58

terrorism

Question 59

irredentism

Question 60

subnationalism

Question 61

balkanization

Answer 61

the breakup of a larger country into smaller independent states which are often hostile towards each other

Question 62

supranationalism

Question 63

North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) now USMCA - United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement

Question 64

European Union (EU)

Question 65

Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN)

Question 66

Arctic Council

Question 67

African Union

Question 68

democratization

Question 69

ethnonationalism