Unit 5

Question 1

What is the Arctic council how was it formed?

Answer 1

• The arctic region is in the search for industry oil minerals
• It has become very important to ensure that borders and territories are clearly defined.
• also important that the arctic is preserved for future generations
• Any drastic change has a large impact on the indigenous people of the arctic. To attend to these issues and to ensure peaceful resolution and cooperation through Multilateralism, the Arctic council was made.

Question 2

what is multilateralism ?

Answer 2

trade or diplomatic negotiations among several nations

Question 3

Who are some of the member states if the Arctic council ?

Answer 3

-Canada
- Denmark/Greenland
-Swedan
- Norway
the Russian Federation
- U.S

Question 4

Who are the permanent participants of the arctic council?

Answer 4

- Aleut International Association (AIA)
Arctic Athabaskan Council
Gwich'in Council International
Inuit polar Council (ICC)
Russian Association of Indigenous Peoples of the North (Raipon)
The Saami Council

Question 5

What was Canada’s Arctic Foreign Policy?

Answer 5

“Canada’s vision for the Arctic is a stable rule based region with clearly defined boundaries, dynamic economic growth and trade, vibrant Northern communities, and healthy and productive ecosystems”

Question 6

When was Canada’s Foreign policy (northern strategy) launched?

Answer 6

in 2009

Question 7

What are the four areas of prioritization for challenges and opportunities of change in the North?

Answer 7

• Exercising our Arctic Sovereignty
• Protecting our environment heritage
• Promoting social and economic Development
• improving and devolving Northern governance

Question 8

what is sustainable government ?

Answer 8

is the practice of using natural resources in ways that do not destroy the ecological balance of an area.

Question 9

What are the aboriginal and indigenous people of the arctic region involved in ?

Answer 9

active negotiations with the federal government and the Arctic council

Question 10

What are two areas that require addressing in the Arctic region?

Answer 10

Resource development and industrial growth

Question 11

circumpolar?

Answer 11

located in one of the polar regions

Question 12

What highlighted the need for foreign policy in Canada?

Answer 12

Interaction with other nations had strong national interests in the circumpolar region highlighted the need for Canada’s foreign policy concerning its own arctic region

Question 13

what does the word Gwich mean?

Answer 13

“people of the Caribou”

Question 14

What is the Gwich’in International and what is there concern?

Answer 14

The indigenous people in the council eat caribou daily. Great concern is being expressed regarding the pollutants in the caribou and the dangers to the people consuming the caribou. Finding a resolution to ensure the future health is a issue for them .

Question 15

What is the Group fo Seven “G7”?

Answer 15

• sounded during the economic recession of the 1970s
  Is an international organization of the world’s most industrialized nation states. It meets annually to discuss world economic, social, and political issues.

Question 16

Who are the members of the Government G8?

Answer 16

• canada (joined in 1976)
• France
• Germany
• Italy
• Japan
• United Kingdom
• United States.

Question 17

When does the position of the chairperson rotate in the G7?and who is responsible for organizing the meeting?

Answer 17

annually though its membership, and the host country is responsible for organizing the meeting.

Question 18

What does the main issue appear to be in the group of seven what is there concern ?

Answer 18

Globalization - the protestors argue, is going to put local people out of work and destroy their culture. Protestors seem to be using the summits as a means of communicating their demands on the International stage.

Question 19

What is the Commonwealth of Nations?

Answer 19

Is a unique international Organization because it unites Britain and its former colonies in an association of equals.

-former colonies of the British Empire that grouped together for their common interests

Question 20

How was the commonwealth created from the British Empire?

Answer 20

Nationalism is the answer, the desire for Britain’s colonies to gain sovereignty .

Question 21

What was the meaning of the Statue of Westminister being enacted?

Answer 21

• it was enacted in Britain in 1931
• represents the relationship between Britain and its former colonies was formally changed
• Canada became the Dominion of Canada and it gained the right to be an independent nation

Question 22

Did Canada fight in WWII with Britain ?

Answer 22

Canada fought with Britain and its allies, but only after an independent decision was made by Canada.
- they did not fight for Britain as a colony

Question 23

What made other colonies that Britain ruled want independence?

Answer 23

• After Canada got independence colonies like Australia, New Zealand, Newfoundland, and Irish Free State.
• WWI had given these colonies their ‘trial by fire’ as well as Canada, it represented that these nations can stand alone.
• after WWII, growing nationalism in the rest of Britain’s colonies eventually led to their independence as well.

Question 24

Why was Commonwealth formed?

Answer 24

• Their ties forged through long association and created bonds that are not often severed. The nations of the commonwealth “grew up” together and had fought beside each other during the worst conflicts in the world.
• The shared, ideals, values, and beliefs as well as bonds among the Commonwealth nations led to the creation of a formal international association- the common wealth

Question 25

What are the basic principles that unite the Commonwealth countries?

Answer 25

- Democracy - Respect for human rights - Peace - the rule of law - justice - cooperation - sustainable development (development that preserves resources and the environment so that they will be able to continue indefinitely)

Question 26

How does commonwealth reflect Internationalism?

Answer 26

- The principles of commonwealth revel the resourcefulness of the combined efforts of the Commonwealth's member nations and reinforce how internationalism can be a very useful foreign policy to promote these principles.

Question 27

Issues affecting the worlds Indigenous peoples demonstrate the connection between national and international interests. These issues also demonstrate the need for...?

Answer 27

1. defining nation and 'nation within nation' status 2. Defining applications of International Law within nation states 3. Protecting Human rights of all peoples of the world 4. Ensuring equitable access for all nations to the united Nation

Question 28

why was Colonialism a concern for indigenous peoples?

Answer 28

- it grouped various indigenous people within new political boundaries. - they involved contact with European nations

Question 29

When was the World Council of Indigenous peoples formed?

Answer 29

-was formed in 1980s as a response to various issues.

Question 30

Indigenous people have found the following in the world council of indigenous people?

Answer 30

- they were nations that had been absorbed into colonial empires without their prior consent - The international laws were developed during European colonization and did not reflect indigenous perspectives - issues related to human rights were considered "internal" or "domestic" - Their rights were governed solely by the political and legal system of a particular colonial power - religious and legal principles of colonial powers were not always applied with integrity - The could influence the governments under which they lived by "political and legal allegation"

Question 31

What does the term "Fourth world" mean?

Answer 31

is a term used to describe nations incorporated forcefully into nation states that maintain a distinct political culture but are internationally unrecognized.

Question 32

what is the assembly of First Nations?

Answer 32

it is the national organization representing First Nations citizens in Canada. - regardless of there age, gender, or place of residence

Question 33

What is the European Union?

Answer 33

is an economic and political association of European nation-states. The European Union deals primarily with economic and social issues with policies that address regional, agricultural, and social issues in its member nations. The European Union is addressing the issues of former colonies of member nations primarily in Africa.

Question 34

How does the European Union benefit its members ?

Answer 34

- larger markets for selling products - access to funding for special projects such as vocational training and job-creation initiatives - secure food supplies at affordable rates though the European unions agricultural policies - increased security for all member- nations by establishing cohesion among European Nations

Question 35

How is the European Union structured?

Answer 35

- so that its citizens, governments, and policies reflect the people in the member-nations and the European Union itself

Question 36

What are the three branches that the European Union is consisted of?

Answer 36

-European parliament - Council of the European Union - European Commission look at 3.9 the European Union (cont)

Question 37

what is the key goals of the European Union in the 21st century ?

Answer 37

- provide peace, prosperity,and stability for its peoples - overcome the divisions on the continent - Ensure that its people can live in safety - promote balanced and economic and social development - meet the challenges of globalization and preserve the diversity of the peoples of Europe - uphold the values that Europeans share, such as sustainable development and sound environment, respect for human rights, and the social market economy

Question 38

What is the European common security and defence policy?

Answer 38

- a force can be deployed and can sustain a specific action for one year. The force is composed of contingents from the armed forces of EU member nations

Question 39

When was the United Nations created?

Answer 39

- on June 26, 1945, the United Nations Charter was signed by the representatives of 50 countries. Poland signed after and on October 24,1945 the United Nations officially came into existence.

Question 40

What is the United Nations dedicated too?

Answer 40

- internationalism

Question 41

What are the main five bodies of the United Nations?

Answer 41

- General assembly - secretariat - security council - economic and social council - trusteeship council - international court of justice

Question 42

What is the general assembly?

Answer 42

- 192 member-nations - where all issues are debated and polices initiated and passed - also has the ability to take action during a significant threat to world peace

Question 43

What is the secretariat?

Answer 43

- is responsible for the management of the Untied Nations with approximately 8 900 international civil servants

Question 44

What is the security council?

Answer 44

- has 15 members- 5 permanent (United States, China, France, Russian Federation, and United Kingdom ) and 10 elected for two- year terms.

Question 45

What is the economic and social council?

Answer 45

- 54 members elected from General assembly for three-year terms. - this works to improve the conditions around the world it also encourages economic and educational cooperation.

Question 46

What is the trusteeship council ?

Answer 46

- supervised territories placed in trust of the United Nations until the country was able to function independently. The council members were the five permanent security council members. - Currently suspended because no trust territories exist.

Question 47

What is the international court of justice?

Answer 47

composed of 15 judges elected for nine-year terms by the Security Council and the General Assembly. The justices use international law to settle legal disputes between states. They also give advisory opinions on legal matters referred to it by duly authorized United Nations bodies and specialized agencies. The official languages of the court are English and French.

Question 48

What does the United Nations help Canada do?

Answer 48

- through treaties, dialogue, negotiation, relationships, and the capacity to implement decisions, the United Nations helps to preserve our sovereignty.