Unit 5

Question 1

What is voter turnout?

Answer 1

The percent of eligible voters that vote

Question 2

Watch news, vote, protest, create petitions, running for office, reaching out to and elected representative, volunteering for an election campaign, donating money, etc.

Answer 2

Some ways to participate in politics

Question 3

Do you have to be a voter to participate in politics?

Answer 3

No, you can still support

Question 4

What influences political participation?

Answer 4

Political Ideology, political efficacy, structural barriers

Question 5

Faith in the government (Think beliefs and motivation)

Answer 5

Political efficacy

Question 6

Obstacles that collectively affect a group disproportionately and perpetuate or maintain stark disparities in outcomes

Answer 6

Structural barriers

Question 7

Jim crow laws, gender roles, lack of representation

Answer 7

Examples of structural barriers

Question 8

-Voting based on what is perceived to be the citizen’s individual interest
-Voting based on the “best” candidate & how they’ll benefit you as an individual

Answer 8

Rational Choice-Voting

Question 9

Do a lot of people use Rational Choice-Voting?

Answer 9

No, not a lot of people vote this way

Question 10

Voting on whether or not the candidate (or party) in power should be re-elected based off of RECENT (last election cycle or two) past

Answer 10

Retrospective Voting

Question 11

Do a lot of people use Retrospective Voting?

Answer 11

Yes, a lot of people vote this way

Question 12

-Voting based on how the voter thinks a party/candidate will do in the future
-Has a big roll in political ideology

Answer 12

Prospective Voting

Question 13

Do a lot of people use Prospective Voting?

Answer 13

Yes, this is the average way people vote

Question 14

-Supporting your party by voting candidates from one political party for all offices for all levels of government (Local, State, National)
-Supporting a certain candidate simply because they’re in your political party

Answer 14

Party Line-Voting

Question 15

Do a lot of people use party line-voting?

Answer 15

Yes, this is the main way that people vote

Question 16

Time of election, type of election, structural barriers, political efficacy, demographics, weather, campaigning, voter registration laws, voting incentives

Answer 16

Influences voter turnout

Question 17

An organization of people with similar political ideologies that seeks to influence public policy by getting a person/candidate elected

Answer 17

A political party

Question 18

-A way to link (bring together) people to the government
-Channels that allow individuals a way to engage in political participation

Answer 18

Linkage institutions

Question 19

Who were the first 2 factions?

Answer 19

The federalists and the anti-federalists

Question 20

Who were the first 2 parties and who were they founded by?

Answer 20

Alexander Hamilton’s Federalists and Thomas Jefferson’s Democratic-Republicans

Question 21

Party organization, party in government, and party in the electorate

Answer 21

What political parties are made of

Question 22

Responsible for educating & mobilizing voters to support candidates who are members of the party

Answer 22

Party organization

Question 23

Elected officials who belong to the party

Answer 23

Party in the government

Question 24

Made up of all citizens who identify with that party

Answer 24

Party in the electorate

Question 25

Party organization with the goal of enriching party leaders/ supporters and/or workers by giving the victors government jobs and contracts

Answer 25

A political machine

Question 26

Elections that decide who's in the general election

Answer 26

Primary elections

Question 27

When two groups join up/ come together

Answer 27

Coalition

Question 28

Elections that lead to party realignment

Answer 28

Critical elections?

Question 29

Change in the composition of a party

Answer 29

Realignment

Question 30

An individual loses loyalty to their party and switches to another

Answer 30

De-alignment

Question 31

Campaign Finance

Answer 31

PACS and Super PACS

Question 32

Where is the proportional system for legislative seats commonly used?

Answer 32

Europe

Question 33

What is the point of the proportional system?

Answer 33

The majority party will still receive a majority seats based on results of the election

Question 34

What does the proportional system benefit?

Answer 34

It benefits minor political parties

Question 35

System were legislative seats are awarded to the percentage of votes gathered by a particular party in an election

Answer 35

The proportional system

Question 36

Where is the winner-takes-all system for legislative seats commonly used?

Answer 36

The U.S.

Question 37

What does the winner-takes-all system benefit?

Answer 37

The 2 party system

Question 38

What is the point of the winner-takes-all system?

Answer 38

Th majority party will still receive a majority of seats based on results of the election

Question 39

System where the legislative seats are awarded only to the party who received the most votes

Answer 39

The winner-takes-all system

Question 40

Formal informal group of people trying to influence the government in favor of their particular interest

Answer 40

Interest groups

Question 41

NRA, PETA, ACLU, AARP, NAACP, etc.

Answer 41

Examples of interest groups

Question 42

Promotes democracy, can create real change, offer solutions for problems, provide a way for ordinary people to participate in the political process, educate constituents and government officials/incumbents, pluralism

Answer 42

The benefits of interest groups

Question 43

Only looks at things from their perspective, only benefits themselves, "Buying candidates/elections", can lead to hyper-pluralism, they have a lot of money and sometimes get in trouble by doing things illegal with money

Answer 43

Problems with interest groups

Question 44

Are all interest groups equal?

Answer 44

No

Question 45

Unequal access to decision makers (Some groups have better lobbyists and connections than others, "Free Rider" Problems (People can benefit from interest groups without donating, voting, making effort, or even joining, Single-issue groups (Interest groups that only care about one thing)

Answer 45

All interest groups not equal

Question 46

Mutually-beneficial relationship between an interest group, Congress, and the Executive Branch

Answer 46

The Iron Triangle?

Question 47

In the Iron Triangle, Congress does what for the Bureaucracy?

Answer 47

Gives funding and political support

Question 48

In the Iron Triangle, the Bureaucracy does what for interest groups?

Answer 48

Low regulation special favors

Question 49

In the Iron Triangle, interest groups do what for Congress?

Answer 49

Give electoral support

Question 50

Group of individuals/public officials/decision makers and/or interest groups that form around a particular issue

Answer 50

Issue network

Question 51

Primaries/caucuses, national conventions, general elections, and the electoral college

Answer 51

The process of electing the president

Question 52

Which part of the process of electing the president is legally the most important?

Answer 52

The Electoral College

Question 53

Are incumbents most or less likely to win an election?

Answer 53

most likely

Question 54

Is it possible to win the electoral college vote but lose the popular election?

Answer 54

Yes

Question 55

Incumbents are advantaged by___

Answer 55

Name recognition, media exposure, staff members, and fundraising infrastructure is already in place

Question 56

Election that decides which candidate a party will send to a general election

Answer 56

The primaries

Question 57

Not limited to registered party members

Answer 57

An Open Primary

Question 58

Limited to registered party members

Answer 58

A Closed Primary

Question 59

A meeting in a voting precinct where party members choose nominees for offices

Answer 59

A caucus

Question 60

Is a caucus a secret ballot?

Answer 60

No

Question 61

What states use caucuses?

Answer 61

Iowa and Nevada

Question 62

Election that decides which candidate will fill an office

Answer 62

The General Election

Question 63

An organized effort which seeks to influence the decision making progress within a specific group

Answer 63

Campaign

Question 64

Campaigns usually have the aid of a ___

Answer 64

Professional election consultant

Question 65

A person who promotes the election of candidates by advising candidates how best to promote themselves and their ideas to the public

Answer 65

A professional election consultant