Unit 5 Flashcards
(22 cards)
agriculture
The process of growing crops and raising animals that have been tamed for the purpose of providing food.
Domesticated Plant
A plant that is deliberately planted , protected. cared for and used by humans. Genetically different from wild ancestors.
Domesticated Animal
An animal that depends on people for food and shelter and is different from its wild ancestors in looks and behavior.
Nutrients
Components of top soil (N,Ph,K) that are absorbed through plant roots allowing plant to thrive.
Topography
The arrangement of the natural and artificial physical features on the Earth’s surface.
Intensive Agriculture
Crop cultivation and livestock rearing systems that use high levels of labor and capital.
Extensive Agriculture
Crop cultivation and livestock rearing systems that require little hired labor that or monetary investment to successfully raise crop and animals
Second agricultural revolution
Time period that improved methods of cultivation harvesting and storage of farm produce.
1600-1930
seed drill
Machine invented by Jethro tull in 1701
to plant seed in a roe.
Mechanical reaper
A machine used to harvest used to harvest grain crops mechanically.
Scythe
A hand too with a curved blade used for cutting grain in the fields
Tractor
eg. John Deere a steam run to replace animals.
Agrichemicals
Petroleum chemicals for use in agriculture eg. fertilizer, pesticide and herbicides
Synthetic Fertilizers
industrially made N,Ph,K that are petroleum based. Higher concentrations of nutrients.
Pesticides/
Herbicides
Chemicals to kill insects on plants. The can damage crops.
Nutrient Pollution
Overuse of fertilizer excess nutrients seep down into ground water then to nearby waterways.
The green Revolution
US supported development of high yield seed varients that increased the productivity of cereal crops and accompanying agricultural technologies.
crossbreeding
mixing different species or varieties of plants or animals to produce hybrids.
Hybrid
offspring of two plants or animals of different species or varieties.
subsistence agriculture
food production mainly for consumption by the family only vs sale in a market
Commercial Agriculture
Farmers produce crops for off farm sales vs personal consumption.
Souble cropping
planting a second crop as soon as the first crop is harvested.
