Unit 5 Flashcards
(23 cards)
Which part of the efferent division deals with and involuntary branch of the PNS and what does it innervate?
The autonomic nervous system.
It innervates the cardiac muscles, smooth muscles, most exocrine glands, some endocrine glands and adipose tissue.
What are the 2 divisions of the efferent system?
Somatic and autonomic
What does the somatic nervous system control and what does it innervate?
It is subject to voluntary control and it innervates skeletal muscles.
Name the 2 subdivisions of the autonomic nervous system
Sympathetic nervous system
And
Parasympathetic nervous system.
Where is the preganglionic fibre located and whee does it synapse?
Located in the CNS and it synapses in the ganglion.
This fibre originated in the ganglion and innervates the effector organ or gland. What is its name?
The postganglionic fibre.
Describe the length of preganglionic and postganglionic fibres in the sympathetic nervous system.
Preganglionic are short and postganglionic are long
Where do the preganglionic fibres of the sympathetic system originate and what do they release?
Originate in the thoracic and lumbar regions of the spinal cord and release Ach.
Ganglia are located in the sympathetic ganglion chain on either side if the spinal cord. What kind of fibre is this? And which system is it in?
Preganglionic in the sympathetic system.
What do the postganglionic fibres of the sympathetic system release and where do they originate from?
Release norepinephrine or noradrenaline and are located in the ganglion to the effector muscle or gland.
What are sympathetic responses caused by? And name the three E’s.
Caused by physical or emotional stress. Emergency, embarrassment, excitement, exercise.
The sympathetic system can also be called the….
Fight or flight response.
Describe the length or preganglionic and postganglionic fibres in the parasympathetic system.
Preganglionic are longer and postganglionic are very short.
Where do the preganglionic fibres of the parasympathetic system originate from and what do they release?
Originate from the cranial and sacral regions of the spinal cord and they release Ach.
Where do postganglionic fibres of the parasympathetic system originate from and end? And what do they release?
They originate from the ganglion, go to the effector organs and glands and they release Ach.
What is another name for the parasympathetic nervous system?
The rest and digest system.
What is the goal of the parasympathetic system?
To help conserve and restore body energy during times of rest.
SLUDD responses of the parasympathetic system?
Salivation, lacrimation, urination, digestion, defecation.
What are the 3 things that the parasympathetic system decreases?
Heart rate, diameter of airways and the diameter of pupils.
What does the sympathetic nervous system promote in comparison to the parasympathetic nervous system?
Sympathetic = responses that prepare the body for strenuous physical activity. Parasympathetic = body-maintenance activities like digestion.
Describe dual reciprocal innervation.
Most visceral organs are innervates by both sympathetic and parasympathetic fibres termed antagonist and it offers more precise control. They produce opposite effects in the organ.
Name some exception to the dual reciprocal innervation.
Most arteriolar, veins and sweat glands receive only sympathetic nerve fibres. Arteries and capillaries aren’t innervated. Salivary glands are innervated by both but they aren’t termed antagonist because their volume and composition will differ.
What are the 2 types of ANS neuronal fibres?
Cholinergic and adrenergic.
