Unit 5-6

Question 1

The 1889 land rush only opened a _____________ not assigned to any tribe.

Answer 1

western strip of Oklahoma

Question 2

Under the Treaty of Fort Laramie, the Sioux were granted__________

Answer 2

the Black Hills “as long as the grass shall grow”

Question 3

Treaties with the Sioux and Nez Perces were broken when whites ____________

Answer 3

found gold on their lands.

Question 4

In mining boomtowns known as “Helldorados,” men _____________

Answer 4

outnumbered women by as much as ten to one.

Question 5

The cattle drives in the 1860s-1870s would not have been possible without ____________

Answer 5

rail lines to eastern markets.

Question 6

By 1900, what group in California played the same role as poor black sharecroppers in the South?

Answer 6

Chinese

Question 7

The Homestead Act granted 160 acres of public domain to any settler who would __________

Answer 7

live on the land and improve it for five years.

Question 8

Which of these explains why it is so important for farm families to cooperate with each other on the Great Plains?

Answer 8

the harsh climate and unyielding soil of the region

Question 9

After defeating Custer at Little Big Horn, Sioux chief Sitting Bull reportedly made which of these statements?

Answer 9

“Now they will never let us rest”

Question 10

The people who benefitted most from the Homestead Act were the ____________

Answer 10

land speculators.

Question 11

European immigrants to the Great Plains tended to form ___________

Answer 11

tight-knit, ethically distinctive communities

Question 12

The Oklahoma Land Rush of 1889 reversed ____________.

Answer 12

federal Indian policy that had been in place since the 1830s

Question 13

The Mormons’ most controversial practice was _________.

Answer 13

polygamy

Question 14

Pima cooperation with white settlers brought them _________

Answer 14

impoverishment

Question 15

After settling in Utah in the 1840s, the Mormons established hundreds of _____________

Answer 15

communities from Oregon to Mexico

Question 16

Under human use, the natural environment of the West was_____________.

Answer 16

destroyed or significantly degraded

Question 17

On the Great Plains, the most successful farmers were those with __________.

Answer 17

money and political power

Question 18

The first national park in the United States was __________

Answer 18

Yellowstone

Question 19

The Great Plains were often referred to by early explorers as ______________

Answer 19

“the Great Desert”

Question 20

One result of the mining boom in the West was the______________

Answer 20

creation of strong and effective unions

Question 21

In 1830, Congress passed the Indian Removal Act, which provided funds to __________

Answer 21

relocate all eastern tribes by force if necessary

Question 22

The Santa Fe Ring was a group of land spectators, lawyers, and politicians who _____________

Answer 22

cheated Mexicanos out of their landholdings

Question 23

The Cherokee responded to pressure from whites by _____________. (3 things)

Answer 23

learning English, becoming Christians, and adopting farming

Question 24

Unlike European immigrants, native-born American settlers of the Great Plains tended to _____________

Answer 24

settle as individual families isolated on solitary homesteads.

Question 25

Army commanders encouraged the slaughter of buffalo herds because they thought it would_____________

Answer 25

break tribal resistance to the reservation system

Question 26

Sears, Roebuck and Company and Montgomery Ward, the great mail-order houses, were located in Chicago because it was ______________

Answer 26

the center of the consolidated rail system

Question 27

Industrial production in the New South ____________

Answer 27

returned very few profits to Southerners

Question 28

The "good roads" about which southern politicians bragged were mainly built by _____________

Answer 28

African American convict labor

Question 29

In the 1860s, meatpackers set up one of the earliest ____________

Answer 29

assembly lines

Question 30

What term did economist and social critic Thorstein Veblen use to describe the new style created by the rich?

Answer 30

conspicuous consumption

Question 31

The AFL considered a strike a ___________

Answer 31

last resort if negotiations failed

Question 32

The United Fruit Company was to vertical integration as this company was to horizontal combination.

Answer 32

Standard Oil

Question 33

The new middle class of the Gilded Age was composed almost____________

Answer 33

exclusively of white, Anglo-Saxon Protestants

Question 34

The fastest-growing area of the textile industry in the later nineteenth century was in ___________

Answer 34

the southern Piedmont

Question 35

In the typical company town of the southern Piedmont, workers were constantly _______________

Answer 35

supervised and controlled by the company

Question 36

The cheapest labor for unskilled jobs such as woodworking and garments was usually ____________

Answer 36

new immigrants, especially women

Question 37

This financier was popularly known as the "worst man in the world"

Answer 37

Jay Gould

Question 38

The Haymarket Square meeting took place the day after ______________

Answer 38

police had killed four strikers.

Question 39

As American cities grew during the Gilded Age, ___________

Answer 39

few urban leaders did any long-term planning.

Question 40

By the end of the century, nearly 80 percent of African Americans in the North _______________

Answer 40

lived in urban areas.

Question 41

Before writing the Gospel of Wealth, Andrew Carnegie had made his fortune in ____________

Answer 41

steel production.

Question 42

By the time he died, Andrew Carnegie had ___________

Answer 42

given away his massive personal fortune.

Question 43

The "gospel of wealth" justified the _______________

Answer 43

ruthless behavior of entrepreneurs like Rockefeller

Question 44

New immigrants tended to settle in _______________

Answer 44

cities where large numbers of their countrymen lived

Question 45

The majority of the urban population lived in ___________

Answer 45

tenements.

Question 46

The proponents of a "New South" envisioned the South as an area that promoted _______________

Answer 46

industrial development and welcomed northern investors

Question 47

With the rapid growth of manufacturing, for working-class people, _________________

Answer 47

steady employment was rare

Question 48

The main demand of the strikers gathered at Haymarket Square in Chicago was an ______________

Answer 48

eight hour workday

Question 49

Urban African American and immigrant women found employment mostly in trades _________________

Answer 49

least affected by technological advances

Question 50

John D. Rockefeller's horizontal combination was so successful that he controlled this percentage of the nation's oil refining by 1882.

Answer 50

over 90 percent

Question 51

The main factor that promoted economic growth during the second industrial revolution from 1871 to 1914 was _______________

Answer 51

application of new technologies

Question 52

The largest labor organization in the nineteenth century was the __________________

Answer 52

Knights of Labor

Question 53

Vertical integration is to the control of production of a product as horizontal combination is to control of the_______________

Answer 53

market for a product

Question 54

The "self-improvement" movement mainly affected the urban ________________

Answer 54

middle class

Question 55

Thomas Alva Edison's laboratory in Menlo Park, New Jersey, was one of the first to be devoted to ________________

Answer 55

industrial research

Question 56

New machinery such as the mechanical cigarette maker allowed _________________

Answer 56

greater production with fewer workers

Question 57

In 1900, the greatest concentration of manufacturing in the United States was in the _____________

Answer 57

Northeast

Question 58

What unique custom did New Yorkers on Fifth Avenue develop to show off their riches on the New Year?

Answer 58

leaving their curtains open

Question 59

Which group would have been least likely to get jobs in trades such as construction and restaurant service?

Answer 59

African Americans

Question 60

African American workers in the New South were______________

Answer 60

limited to the lowest-paying unskilled jobs

Question 61

By 1900, the United States was ____________ in the world in terms of productivity.

Answer 61

first

Question 62

One result of the respect accorded the AFL was that in 1894 ___________

Answer 62

Labor Day was made a national holiday

Question 63

Central Park, the first planned public urban park in the United States, opened in 1858 in _______________

Answer 63

New York City

Question 64

By 1890, approximately what fraction of the population lived in cities?

Answer 64

one-third

Question 65

The most significant development shaping the American economy after the Civil War was the ______________-

Answer 65

emergence and consolidation of large-scale corporations