Unit 5 Meiosis

Question 1

Chromatin

Answer 1

during interphase, the DNA is found in this form

Question 2

cytokinesis

Answer 2

the act of splitting newly formed cells

Question 3

cell plate

Answer 3

a type of cytokinesis found in plant cells

Question 4

cleavage furrow

Answer 4

a type of cytokinesis found in animal cells

Question 5

asexual reproduction

Answer 5

a type of reproduction that is similar to cloning, all organisms have identical DNA (Mitosis)

Question 6

meiosis

Answer 6

cell division process that occurs to produce gametes, results in four different haploid cells

Question 7

in meiosis, the DNA in each of the gametes is _______

Answer 7

different/ unique

Question 8

sperm

Answer 8

the type of gamete found in males

Question 9

eggs

Answer 9

the type of gamete found in females

Question 10

ovaires

Answer 10

meiosis occurs in this organ in females

Question 11

testes

Answer 11

meiosis occurs in this organ in males

Question 12

prophase I

Answer 12

the phase in meiosis where the chromatin condenses into chromosomes and forms homologous pairs.
also where crossing over occurs

Question 13

crossing over

Answer 13

the exchange of genetic material between non sister chromatids of homologous chromosomes

Question 14

non sister chromatids

Answer 14

crossing over occurs between these

Question 15

metaphase I

Answer 15

the phase in meiosis where homologous chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell

Question 16

independent assortment

Answer 16

the phenomenon where homologous chromosomes align along the metaphase plate independently of one another

Question 17

anaphase I

Answer 17

the phase in meiosis where homologous chromosomes are pulled to opposite sides

Question 18

telophase I

Answer 18

the phase in meiosis where two new haploid nuclei are formed

Question 19

metaphase I

Answer 19

the phase in meiosis where independent assortment occurs

Question 20

diploid

Answer 20

two sets of chromosomes

Question 21

haploid

Answer 21

one set of chromosomes

Question 22

prophase II

Answer 22

the phase in meiosis were the chromatin condenses into chromosomes

Question 23

metaphase II

Answer 23

the phase in meiosis where the chromosomes line up in the center of the cell

Question 24

anaphase II

Answer 24

the phase in meiosis where the chromosomes are split into chromatids

Question 25

telophase II

Answer 25

the phase in meiosis where two new nuclei are formed, resulting in four haploid cells

Question 26

s phase

Answer 26

the phase of interphase where the DNA is duplicated

Question 27

g1 phase

Answer 27

the phase of interphase where the cell grows

Question 28

g2 phase

Answer 28

the phase of interphase where the cell continues to grow and correct errors in DNA replication

Question 29

zygote

Answer 29

a fertilized egg, it is diploid

Question 30

budding

Answer 30

a type of asexual reproduction performed in yeast where a new identical organism buds off an anatomical point of the original organism

Question 31

fertilization

Answer 31

the joining of an egg and a sperm

Question 32

parthenogenesis

Answer 32

a type of asexual reproduction where an unfertilized egg develops into an identical female offspring

Question 33

sprouting

Answer 33

a type of asexual reproduction where an identical offspring develops from a shoot of a root or a stump

Question 34

nondisjunction

Answer 34

occurs in anaphase 1, when a homologous chromosome fails to separate, or in anaphse 2, when a chromosome fails to separate

Question 35

down syndrome

Answer 35

trisomy 21, a child is born with mental retardation and elfish features

Question 36

edward's syndrome

Answer 36

trisomy 18, a child is born with severe defects, most die within the first year

Question 37

turner syndrome

Answer 37

a child is born with a single x chromosome, develops as a female, is small in stature, and is sterile

Question 38

klinefelter's syndrome

Answer 38

a child is born with xxy, develops as a male with subtle female characteristics such as wide hips and enlarged breasts