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Brandon’s Anatomy Flash Cards > Unit 5 Part 2 > Flashcards

Unit 5 Part 2 Flashcards

1
Q

upper limit of right hemidiaphragm?

A

4th interspace
higher than left because of the liver

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2
Q

upper limit of left hemidiaphragm?

A

5th Rib.

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3
Q

Where does right crus of diaphragm attach?

A

body of L4

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4
Q

Where does left crus of diaphragm attach?

A

body of L3

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5
Q

what creates aortic hiatus? (median diaphragmatic aperture)

and at what level is aortic hiatus?

A

attachments of right and left crus to body of L4 and L3

T12

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6
Q

Where do medial arcuate liagaments of diaphragm attach?

A

L1-L2

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7
Q

Where do lateral arcuate ligaments of diaphragm attach?

A

L1-12th rib

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8
Q

what do medial and lateral arcuate ligaments cross over the top of?

A

psoas major muscle

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9
Q

What level is esophageal hiatus?

A

T10

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10
Q

What is common site of hiatal hernia?

A

esophageal hiatus

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11
Q

Hiatal hernia

A

when stomach goes up into thorax

Can cause a lot of pain

pain is worse when supine, better when standing or sitting

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12
Q

Where is caval hiatus?

A

between T8 and T9

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13
Q

What innervates diaphragm?

A

phrenic nerves

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14
Q

where do phrenic nerves originate?

A

ventral primary rami C3-C5

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15
Q

Where is the transverse thoracis m.?

A

lies on post. surface of the anterior thoracic wall.

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16
Q

Where does transverse thoracis m. insert?

Originate?

A

I: Ribs 2-6

O: Side of sternum

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17
Q

function of transverse thoracis?

A

Forcefull exhalation

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18
Q

Levatores costarum I/O?

A

transverse processes and ribs, they are interchangeable depending on the movement

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19
Q

Levatores costarum function?

A

inhalation

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20
Q

Function of serratus post. sup. muscle?

A

inhalation

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21
Q

function of serratus post inf. muscle?

A

forced exhalation

22
Q

function of ant./middle/post. scalene?

A

inhalation

23
Q

Sternocleidomatsoid m. function in breathing?

A

inhalation

mastoid process - clavicle

24
Q

What are the subcostales muscles?

A

modifed innermost intercostals

Seen on Dr. Thomas’s favorite model

25
Q

where are the subcostales muscles?

A

ribs 10-12 posteriorly

26
Q

function of subcostales muscles?

A

forceful exhalation

27
Q

Accessory respiration muscles in abdomen? And their function?

A

Abdominal wall muscles:
rectus abdominis m.
external abdominal oblique
internal abdominal oblique
transversus abdominis

Forcefull exhalation

28
Q

Which muscles contract during inspiration?

A

diaphragm, external intercostals

29
Q

is the pleural space an actual or potential space?

A

more of a potential space

30
Q

Name the 4 regional parts of parietal pleura

A

Costal pleura
diaphragmatic pleura
cervical pleura
mediastinal pleura

Need to identify these on practical exam

31
Q

Where is parietal pleura boundaries?

A

2 rib spaces below the lung base

32
Q

Where is base of lungs?

A

Midclavicular line: 6th rib
midaxillary line: 8th rib
paravertebral line: 10th rib

33
Q

How does parietal pleura cover the apex of lungs?

A

tightly

34
Q

At what level do you perform thoracentesis?

A

10th intercostal space or below
Always go over the top of the rib

35
Q

What allows lung to expand during inhalation?

A

parietal pleura/lung mismatch

36
Q

Where does apex of lungs sit?

A

1 inch above the clavicle

37
Q

Where is ariway in right lung in relation to pulmonary artery?

A

Epiarterial

38
Q

Where is airway in left lung in relation to pulmonary artery?

A

hypoarterial

39
Q

Specific features of Left lung?

A

aortic impression (aortic arch and descending aorta)

cardiac impression

Cardiac notch

40
Q

Specific features of Right lung?

A

Esophageal impression

impression Arch - Azygos vein

41
Q

How are lungs divided?

A

into lobes separated by fissures

42
Q

How are the lung lobes divided?

A

Into bronchopulmonary segments separated by fibrous septum

43
Q

How many broncho pulmonary segements of right lung?

A

10

44
Q

how many broncho pulmonary segments of left lung?

A

8

45
Q

Where is apical broncho pulmonary segment?

A

top of right lung

46
Q

Where is apico-posterior broncho pulmonary segment?

A

top of left lung

47
Q

Where is antero medial basal broncho pulmonary segment

A

bottom medial of lower lobe of left lung

48
Q

Origin of right bronchial artery?

A

off of the 3rd post. intercostal arteries

49
Q

origin of both left bronchial arteries?

A

Aortic arch

50
Q

How many bronchial arteries?

A

3 total, 1 right and 2 left

Brandon’s Anatomy Flash Cards (20 decks)

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