Unit 5 politics unit

Question 1

political map

Answer 1

A map designed to show governmental boundaries of countries, states, and counties, the location of major cities, and they usually include significant bodies of water

Question 2

nation

Answer 2

a group of people who are bound together by a common political or cultural identity

Question 3

state

Answer 3

a politically organized territory that is administered by a sovereign government and is recognized by a significant portion of the international community

Question 4

nation-state

Answer 4

a state whos territorial extent coincides with that occupied by a distinct nation of people

Question 5

stateless nation

Answer 5

a nation that is not represented by a state

Question 6

multinational state

Answer 6

a state that contains more than one nation

Question 7

autonomous region

Answer 7

an area of a country that has a degree of autonomy, or has freedom from external authority

Question 8

nationalism

Answer 8

national consciousness, a sense of unity with other citizens and loyalty to the state to say your nation/state is better than other nations/states

Question 9

colonialism/imperialism

Answer 9

attempt by one country to establish settlements and to impose its political, economic, and cultural principles in another territory

Question 10

geopolitics

Answer 10

the study of how geographical space including types of interrelationships between states and the different functions of states and different patterns of states affect global politics

Question 11

Rimland theory

Answer 11

The american idea that whoever controlled the “rimland territory” (Korea, India, Pakistan, Taiwan, etc.) would be able to suppress any attempts made by anyone to take over the world again

Question 12

the heartland theory

Answer 12

geopolitical theory that if one controlled the “heartland” (eastern Europe(racist much?)) they could rule the world

Question 13

Organic theory

Answer 13

the theory that political entities such as countries behave like organisms to survive and that a state requires nourishment/territory to gain power

Question 14

boundary

Answer 14

an invisible line marking the extent of a territory

Question 15

internal boundary

Answer 15

type of boundary within a state for administrative purposes or to mark off cultural regions (ex: states in the US)

Question 16

international boundary

Answer 16

the line that both countries and the rest of the world have agreed upon

Question 17

antecedent boundary

Answer 17

a boundary that existed before the cultural landscape emerged and stayed in place while people moved in and occupied the surrounding area

Question 18

subsequent boundary

Answer 18

boundaries that are created as a result of long term proccesses

Question 19

superimposed boundary

Answer 19

a boundary that is imposed on on the cultural landscape which ignores pre-existing cultural patterns (typically a colonial boundary) (ex: borders of Africa)

Question 20

relic boundary

Answer 20

a former boundary line that is still discernible and marked by some cultural landscape feature (ex: Berlin wall)

Question 21

natural/physical boundary

Answer 21

when a physical feature such as a mountain or river determines a political boundary (ex: borders of Virginia formed by Potomac river)

Question 22

ethnographic/cultural boundary

Answer 22

boundaries formed by the location of dominant language, religious, or ethnic barriers

Question 23

geometric boundary

Answer 23

straight line boundaries unrelated to the physical landscape (ex: 4 corners)

Question 24

militarized boundary

Answer 24

boundaries enforced with military units; many created during the cold war (ex: north/south Korea)

Question 25

open boundaries

Answer 25

boundaries that are not regulated/closed (ex: the EU)

Question 26

Law of the Sea

Answer 26

a body of customs, treaties, and international agreements by which governments maintain order, productivity, and peaceful relations in the Sea (also sturdy boundary zones in line)

Question 27

voting districts

Answer 27

a territorial subdivision for electing members to a legislative body

Question 28

redistricting

Answer 28

to divide an area into new political districts

Question 29

gerrymandering

Answer 29

to redraw legislative boundaries for the purpose of benefiting the political party in power

Question 30

democracy

Answer 30

a government in which the supreme power is vested in the people and exercised by them directly or indirectly through a system of representation usually involving periodically held free elections

Question 31

oligarchy

Answer 31

a small group of people having control of a country, organization, or institution.

Question 32

autocracy

Answer 32

a system of government by one person with absolute power.

Question 33

monarchy

Answer 33

A system of government in which one person rules, usually a king or queen.

Question 34

anarchy

Answer 34

a state of disorder due to absence or nonrecognition of authority

Question 35

Communism

Answer 35

An ideology or system based on the idea that the property of a community should be owned collectively and shared among everyone

Question 36

Socialism

Answer 36

An economic and political system where the workers or the government own the buildings and tools that make the goods and services like farms and factories

Question 37

federal states

Answer 37

an internal organization of a state that allocated most powers to units of local government

Question 38

unitary states

Answer 38

a nation-state that has a centralized government and administration that exercises power equally over all parts of the state

Question 39

sovereignty

Answer 39

indicates that a government has complete control and jurisdiction over a defined area

Question 40

supernationalism

Answer 40

an alliance involving three or more countries for their mutual benefit such as economic, cultural, political, or military

Question 41

devolution

Answer 41

a process in which religions within a state demand and gain political strength and growing autonomy at the expense of the central government

Question 42

terrorism

Answer 42

systematic open and covert action employing fear and terror as a means of political coercion

Question 43

balkanization

Answer 43

a process when a country breaks down into smaller pieces because of ethnic diffrences

Question 44

centrifugal forces

Answer 44

forces that destabilize the government and encourage the country to fall apart; Force people apart

Question 45

centripetal forces

Answer 45

forces that Pull together the people of a state, giving them strength