Unit 5: Rejection of Liberalism

Question 1

Illiberalism

Answer 1

• ideologies opposed to the values, beliefs and principles of liberalism
• undemocratic actions but may be found in democratic countries during times of crisis

Question 2

Authoritarianism

Answer 2

• form of government characterized by strong central power and limited political freedoms.
• run by a dictator

Question 3

totalitarianism

Answer 3

• extreme form of authoritarianism where the state seeks to control nearly all aspects of public and private life.
• total control by the state

Question 4

Describe authoritarian systems

Answer 4

• non-democratic
• totalitarian
• authoritarian (dictatorship)
• single party state

Question 5

Does communism and fascism support liberalism

Answer 5

no

Question 6

does communism and fascism have collectivism or individualism

Answer 6

collectivism

Question 7

does communism and fascism have the same views. explain

Answer 7

• no
• although they are against liberalism
• they are opposing ideologies
• Communism (change) Fascism (no change)
• Communism (Gov owned) Fascism (Dictator owned)

Question 8

How is “vision” a way of authoritarian governments

Answer 8

• a leader would provide what a country could be, based on security, economic gain, nationalism, unity

Question 9

“controlled participation” in authori gov

Answer 9

• citizens are included in popular contests designed to demonstrate their support of the dictatorship

Question 10

“propaganda” authori gov

Answer 10

• a persuasive technique that uses media to spread information that often appeals to peoples emotion to create support for the regime
• glorification of the leader / cult of leadership

Question 11

“indoctrination” authori gov

Answer 11

• the process of teaching a person or group to accept a set of beliefs uncritically.
• influencing someone to adopt a certain ideology

Question 12

“censorship of the media” authori gov

Answer 12

• state control over information and the access to it.
• together with propaganda and indoctrination, censorship creates a complex control of information

Question 13

“secret police” authori gov

Answer 13

• the use of agents, informants, militia and the army to foster fear and terror when required in order to control the citizens

Question 14

“the purge” authori govv

Answer 14

• the elimination of real or perceived enemies of the state, together with the use of secret police purges reveal the use if force and terror as a mechanism for control in society

Question 15

“scape goats” authori giv

Answer 15

• redirecting of popular discontent towards a group or groups of people

Question 16

“cult of leadership/ personality” authori gov

Answer 16

• the belief of the infallible nature if and the idolization of a leader ti create state sponsored worship of the leader

Question 17

Types of authoritarian regimes

Answer 17

• absolute monarchy
• autocracy
• oligarchy
• one party systems
• minority tyranny
• military dictatorship

Question 18

Bolsheviks

Answer 18

• a faction led by Vladimir Lenin, in the Russian Revolution of 1917.
• They advocated for a socialist revolution and ultimately seized power from the provisional government, leading to the establishment of the Soviet Union.

Question 19

proletariat

Answer 19

• working class

Question 20

How was Russia during the Wwi

Answer 20

• suffering from lack of supplies
• killed many men forcing others to join without any proper practice

Question 21

Who is Czar Nicholas II

Answer 21

• Ruler of Russia
• Before Russian Revolution
• During WWI
• He was blamed for the struggle of the country
• Stepped down after WWI

Question 22

Duma

Answer 22

• russian parliament

Question 23

a coup d’etat

Answer 23

• when the military overthrows the government

Question 24

what groups were involved in the russian civil war

Answer 24

• bolsheviks red army (communists)
• white army (anti-communist)

Question 25

What was war communism in russia

Answer 25

- government had control over everything - all industries are managed by government - strict rules for everyone - nationalization

Question 26

what was the soviet economy based on

Answer 26

- principles of central planning, state ownership, and control of the means of production

Question 27

was war communism successful

Answer 27

-no - there was a lack of trained administration - strained from the war

Question 28

What was made after the failure of war communism

Answer 28

- NEP - new economic policy - 1921

Question 29

what was The New Economic Policy

Answer 29

- proposed a mixed economy - state controlled large industries - while farming and small businesses are owned privately by its owners

Question 30

kulaks

Answer 30

- peasant farmers

Question 31

dogmatic

Answer 31

- someone who strongly asserts their beliefs as if they are absolutely true and not open to questioning or doubt.

Question 32

command economy

Answer 32

- government or a central authority makes all the decisions about what goods and services are produced, how they are produced, and for whom they are produced

Question 33

five year plans

Answer 33

- economic initiatives in the Soviet Union under Joseph Stalin. - economic goals for a five-year period, outlining targets for industrial production, agriculture, and infrastructure development. - The main aim was to rapidly industrialize the Soviet economy and catch up with Western industrial powers.

Question 34

collectivization

Answer 34

the government aimed to consolidate individual farms into collective farms to increase agricultural productivity and efficiency.

Question 35

fascism

Answer 35

- ruled by a dictator

Question 36

nazism / national socialism

Answer 36

- ideology and practices associated with Adolf Hitler's Nazi Party in Germany. - It emphasized extreme nationalism, racism, and authoritarianism

Question 37

weimar republic

Answer 37

- government of germany - president (elected) - reichstag = legislative - chancellor appointed by president * Nazi Party got rid of this system and took control of Germany

Question 38

The Third Reich

Answer 38

- 1000 year empire hitler envisioned -Germany being the most successful

Question 39

Eugenics

Answer 39

- controlled human reproduction so desirable genetic traits are encourages and undesirable trait eliminated

Question 40

lebensraum

Answer 40

- "living space" in German, was a key concept in Nazi ideology. - It referred to the idea that Germany needed to expand its territory to provide space for the German people to live and grow.

Question 41

irredenta

Answer 41

- desire to reclaim land previously thought to be German

Question 42

reichstag fire decree

Answer 42

- The Reichstag Fire Decree, issued by Adolf Hitler in response to the Reichstag fire in 1933, suspended civil liberties and allowed the Nazis to arrest and detain political opponents without trial.

Question 43

enabling act

Answer 43

- was a law passed by the German Reichstag in 1933. - It gave Adolf Hitler's government the power to enact laws without the involvement of the Reichstag or the President. - This act essentially allowed Hitler to establish a dictatorship and was a crucial step in the consolidation of Nazi power.

Question 44

october revolution

Answer 44

- a communism event - when the bolsheviks in Russia gained power and started committing communism which lead to the founding of the soviet union

Question 45

what event caused the making of soviet union

Answer 45

october revolution

Question 46

who were the leaders of the ussr

Answer 46

- vladimir lenin - joseph stalin took over when lenin died