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AP Psychology > Unit 5 Review > Flashcards

Unit 5 Review Flashcards

1
Q

mental process used to acquire, retain, and retrieve information

A

memory

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2
Q

awareness and understanding of ones own thought processes

A

metacognition

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3
Q

transduction that occurs at the sensory receptor

A

encoding

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4
Q

retaining of info in our brain for a period of time

A

storage

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5
Q

information is brought back to consciousness when needed

A

retrieval

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6
Q

concentration of awareness on some phenomenon to the exclusion of other stimuli

A

attention

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7
Q

focus your awareness on only limited aspect of all you are capable processing and are blind to stimuli

A

Selective Attention

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8
Q

unconscious encoding of information, such as time, space and frequency (Type of Parallel Processing)

A

Automatic Processing

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9
Q

requires attention and conscious, such as the details of a conversation

A

Effortful Processing

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10
Q

trying to focus on more than one task at a time.; difficult to do when multiple tasks are activating the same sense, ability to divide attention declines as you age

A

Divided Attention (Multitasking)

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11
Q

how well we process information depends on how deeply we processed it when it was encoded

A

Level of processing

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12
Q

structural encoding of the physical attributes

A

Shallow Processing

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13
Q

phonemic encoding involving what it sounds like

A

Intermediate Processing

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14
Q

attach meaning to new information and create associations between the new and existing information

A

Deep Processing

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15
Q

when you relate new information to yourself and make it personally meaningful

A

Self-Referent Encoding

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16
Q

cognitive learning strategy; expands something in detail

A

Elaboration

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17
Q

cognitive generation of sensory input from the five senses

A

Imagery

18
Q

It is easier to remember words with associated images than either words or image alone

A

Dual Coding Theory

19
Q

how they are spoken or sung

A

Acoustic (echoic)

20
Q

how the image was arranged

A

Visual (iconic)

21
Q

capacity for holding a small amount of information available for short period of time

A

Short-Term Memory

22
Q

role of repetition in the retention of memories

A

Rehearsal

23
Q

small amount of information that can be held in mind and used in the execution of cognitive tasks

A

Working Memory

24
Q

brief store of language sounds for rehearsal

A

Phonological Loop

25
Q

briefly stores visual and spatial information

A

Visuospatial Working Memory

26
Q

solves problems and other tasks using information from the phonological loop, visuospatial, and long term memory

A

Central Executive

27
Q

cognitive system with a limited capacity that can hold information temporarily

A

Working Memory Capacity

28
Q

unlimited storage of information for long periods of time, even for life

A

Long-Term Memory

29
Q

unusually vivid and detailed recollections of momentous events

A

Flashbulb Memory

30
Q

people who can remember very detailed images of everything they have seen; very rare

A

Photographic (Eidetic) Memory

31
Q

multiple similar items are presented to us, one that differs from the rest is most likely to be remembered

A

Von Restorff Effect

32
Q

collection of objects, events, or other items with common properties arranged in a multilevel structure

A

Conceptual Hierarchy

33
Q

cognitive structure that serves as a framework for ones knowledge of people, places, objects, and events

A

Schema

34
Q

process that refers to activating and associating the strands of memory in the semantic network

A

Priming

35
Q

clues or hints that trigger a long term memory

A

Retrieval Cues

36
Q

when a cue does not trigger a long term memory you may need more or different cues to trigger the memory

A

Retrieval Cue Failure

37
Q

retrieving information in the same setting in which the info was encoded

A

Context-dependent Memories

38
Q

how you ask a person to recall an event could affect his or her memory of the event

A

Misinformation Effect

39
Q

filling in the gaps in memory by combining and substituting memories from other events other than the one we are trying to remember (reconstruction)

A

Confabulation

40
Q

making inferences about the origin of a memory

A

Source Monitoring

41
Q

mixing up of the source for a memory

A

Sources Monitoring Error (Misattribution Error)

42
Q

repeated suggestions and misleading questions that can cause false memories

A

Framing

AP Psychology (5 decks)

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