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I HATE AP CLASSES I HATE AP CLASSES > unit 5 sucks > Flashcards

unit 5 sucks Flashcards

1
Q

agribuisness

A

commercial agriculture is characterized by the integration of different steps in the food-processing industry

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2
Q

aquaculture

A

cultivation of seafood under controlled conditions

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3
Q

cash crop

A

crops grown for profit instead of human consumption

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4
Q

bid rent theory

A

the closer to an urban center the more expensive the land is

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5
Q

cereal grains

A

grass that yields grain for food

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6
Q

clustered rural settlement pattern

A

rural settlement in which houses and farm buildings are situated close to each other fields and surround the settlement

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7
Q

Columbian exchange

A

exchange of food ideas and disease between the 2 hemispheres

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8
Q

commodity

A

material that can be sold or bought

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9
Q

commodity chain (supply chain/value chain)

A

people materials and ideas move to make a finished product shipped to consumer

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10
Q

community-supported agriculture(csa)

A

stonks

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11
Q

crop rotation

A

rotating what plants are planted on a plot of land to prevent nutrient loss

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12
Q

deforestation

A

cutting down forests for greedy capitalist reasons

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13
Q

desertification

A

degradation of land most especially in semiarid regions because of human activity

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14
Q

dispersed rural settlement pattern

A

rural settlement characterized by isolated farms rather than clustered villages

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15
Q

double cropping

A

cropping 2x a year

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16
Q

domestication

A

taming an animal and then breeding out desirable characteristics

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17
Q

economies of scale

A

savings in cost due to increased production

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18
Q

extensive farming practices

A

small inputs of labor fertilizer and capital relative to land being farmed

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19
Q

factory farm

A

farm maximizing profits whilst using least amount of resources

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20
Q

fair trade (in agriculture)

A

concept in developing countries to help create sustainability

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21
Q

fallow

A

land is left to rest to regain nutrients

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22
Q

family farm

A

usually, a subsistence, characterized by family ownership and relatively low output

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23
Q

farm subsidies

A

the governmental subsidy paid to farmers to supplement their income, manage the supply of agricultural commodities, and influence cost

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24
Q

feedlot

A

plot of land used to fatten up livestock

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25
Q

fertile crescent

A

a region smack dab in between 2 rivers

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26
Q

fertilizer

A

chemical used to make plants grow better

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27
Q

food desert

A

area that has limited access to affordable and nutritious food

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28
Q

food security/insecurity

A

physical social and economic access to food at all times

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29
Q

green revolution

A

using science, crops were able to increase yield sizes, which needed more water and fertilizer. Also yay dwarf wheat/rice

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30
Q

GMOs

A

Genetically modified organisms

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31
Q

hybridization

A

breeding 2 organisms together for an intended result

32
Q

intensive farming practices

A

smaller land holdings and requires large amounts of labor

33
Q

irrigation

A

watering plants

34
Q

linear rural settlement pattern

A

rural settlement clustered around a road, river, or dike

35
Q

long-lot survey

A

narrow land plots with access to a river

36
Q

maize(corn)

A

cereal grain is mostly grown for livestock and biofuel

37
Q

market gardening

A

small scale production of fruits vegetables and flowers

38
Q

metes and bounds survey

A

real estate measured by natural landmarks

39
Q

milkshed

A

distance milk can be transported without spoiling

40
Q

mixed crop/livestock

A

crops and livestock grown on the same farm, usually the crops are fed to the livestock because farms like money

41
Q

monoculture

A

cultivation of a single crop

42
Q

neolithic revolution(1st agricultural revolution)

A

when humans first learned to grow plants and not rely entirely on hunting

43
Q

organic food production

A

no artificial colors, pesticides, GMOs, or hormones

44
Q

overgrazing

A

animals eat too much

45
Q

paddy

A

Malay word for wet rice and now increasingly used to describe a flooded food)

46
Q

pastoral nomadism(and interferences with it

A

subsistence agriculture based on herding domesticated animals

47
Q

pesticide

A

the chemical sprayed to kill/discourage animals/plants/disease from ruining everything

48
Q

plantation

A

farms that usually plant cash crops

49
Q

polder

A

land created by draining water from an area

50
Q

ranching

A

raising herds on large plots of land

51
Q

rectangular survey

A

plotting in US consisting of grid made of rectangles

52
Q

second agricultural revolution

A

industrialization of farming

53
Q

selective breeding

A

selecting what traits go and which ones go away

54
Q

shifting cultifvation

A

also slash and burn, burning biomass to fertilize the ground

55
Q

soil salinization

A

level of water-soluble salts accumulate to a point where it’s detrimental to crops

56
Q

specialty farming

A

crops cultivated for food, medicine, or aesthetics

57
Q

subsidy (with us government)

A

financial grants given to private farms to stimulate economic activity

58
Q

subsistence agriculture

A

farming with little surplus

59
Q

suburbanization

A

growth and spatial reorganization of a city

60
Q

supply chain

A

system of organization people technology activities information and resources that turn resources to a finished products delivered to end consumer

61
Q

sustainability

A

farming without depleting resources/land

62
Q

swidden

A

land cleared for cultivation by slashing and burning vegetation

63
Q

terracing

A

form land into steps usually for rice farming

64
Q

township and range survey

A

rectangular blocks 6 square miles

65
Q

transhumance

A

moving livestock from 1 grazing ground to another in a seasonal cycle

66
Q

urbanization

A

making an area more urban

67
Q

vertical integration

A

single entity controls the entire process of a product

68
Q

von thunen model

A

cirles proposed by a german man to solve some problems

69
Q

what is the von thunen model trying to show

A

how distance affects what crops are grown

70
Q

what are the rings on the von thunen model

A

urban center/market,intensive farming/dairy, forests, crops, ranching

71
Q

what are the factors that contribute to where land use falls into various rings

A

transportation cost and perishability of materials

72
Q

why land use in each ring

A

money

73
Q

what did the model not include

A

modern agricultural/industrial techniques

74
Q

waterlogging of soil

A
75
Q

Whittlesey’s 11 agricultural regions

A

classification of land based on climate and soil

76
Q

what factors lead to Whittlesey dividing land use types

A

what the soil is good for and what the climate can support

77
Q

what are Whittlesey’s 11 regions( are they subsistence or commercial, intensive or extensive, in developing/developed)

A

little/no agricultural, pastoral nomadism, intensive cultivation(wet rice dominant or not), shifting cultivation, plantation|mixed livestock & crop, dairying, grain, livestock ranching, Mediterranean farming, Commercial gardening

I HATE AP CLASSES I HATE AP CLASSES (4 decks)

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