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I HATE AP CLASSES I HATE AP CLASSES > unit 5 sucks > Flashcards

unit 5 sucks Flashcards

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1
Q

agribuisness

A

commercial agriculture is characterized by the integration of different steps in the food-processing industry

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2
Q

aquaculture

A

cultivation of seafood under controlled conditions

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3
Q

cash crop

A

crops grown for profit instead of human consumption

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4
Q

bid rent theory

A

the closer to an urban center the more expensive the land is

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5
Q

cereal grains

A

grass that yields grain for food

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6
Q

clustered rural settlement pattern

A

rural settlement in which houses and farm buildings are situated close to each other fields and surround the settlement

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7
Q

Columbian exchange

A

exchange of food ideas and disease between the 2 hemispheres

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8
Q

commodity

A

material that can be sold or bought

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9
Q

commodity chain (supply chain/value chain)

A

people materials and ideas move to make a finished product shipped to consumer

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10
Q

community-supported agriculture(csa)

A

stonks

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11
Q

crop rotation

A

rotating what plants are planted on a plot of land to prevent nutrient loss

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12
Q

deforestation

A

cutting down forests for greedy capitalist reasons

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13
Q

desertification

A

degradation of land most especially in semiarid regions because of human activity

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14
Q

dispersed rural settlement pattern

A

rural settlement characterized by isolated farms rather than clustered villages

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15
Q

double cropping

A

cropping 2x a year

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16
Q

domestication

A

taming an animal and then breeding out desirable characteristics

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17
Q

economies of scale

A

savings in cost due to increased production

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18
Q

extensive farming practices

A

small inputs of labor fertilizer and capital relative to land being farmed

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19
Q

factory farm

A

farm maximizing profits whilst using least amount of resources

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20
Q

fair trade (in agriculture)

A

concept in developing countries to help create sustainability

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21
Q

fallow

A

land is left to rest to regain nutrients

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22
Q

family farm

A

usually, a subsistence, characterized by family ownership and relatively low output

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23
Q

farm subsidies

A

the governmental subsidy paid to farmers to supplement their income, manage the supply of agricultural commodities, and influence cost

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24
Q

feedlot

A

plot of land used to fatten up livestock

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25
fertile crescent
a region smack dab in between 2 rivers
26
fertilizer
chemical used to make plants grow better
27
food desert
area that has limited access to affordable and nutritious food
28
food security/insecurity
physical social and economic access to food at all times
29
green revolution
using science, crops were able to increase yield sizes, which needed more water and fertilizer. Also yay dwarf wheat/rice
30
GMOs
Genetically modified organisms
31
hybridization
breeding 2 organisms together for an intended result
32
intensive farming practices
smaller land holdings and requires large amounts of labor
33
irrigation
watering plants
34
linear rural settlement pattern
rural settlement clustered around a road, river, or dike
35
long-lot survey
narrow land plots with access to a river
36
maize(corn)
cereal grain is mostly grown for livestock and biofuel
37
market gardening
small scale production of fruits vegetables and flowers
38
metes and bounds survey
real estate measured by natural landmarks
39
milkshed
distance milk can be transported without spoiling
40
mixed crop/livestock
crops and livestock grown on the same farm, usually the crops are fed to the livestock because farms like money
41
monoculture
cultivation of a single crop
42
neolithic revolution(1st agricultural revolution)
when humans first learned to grow plants and not rely entirely on hunting
43
organic food production
no artificial colors, pesticides, GMOs, or hormones
44
overgrazing
animals eat too much
45
paddy
Malay word for wet rice and now increasingly used to describe a flooded food)
46
pastoral nomadism(and interferences with it
subsistence agriculture based on herding domesticated animals
47
pesticide
the chemical sprayed to kill/discourage animals/plants/disease from ruining everything
48
plantation
farms that usually plant cash crops
49
polder
land created by draining water from an area
50
ranching
raising herds on large plots of land
51
rectangular survey
plotting in US consisting of grid made of rectangles
52
second agricultural revolution
industrialization of farming
53
selective breeding
selecting what traits go and which ones go away
54
shifting cultifvation
also slash and burn, burning biomass to fertilize the ground
55
soil salinization
level of water-soluble salts accumulate to a point where it's detrimental to crops
56
specialty farming
crops cultivated for food, medicine, or aesthetics
57
subsidy (with us government)
financial grants given to private farms to stimulate economic activity
58
subsistence agriculture
farming with little surplus
59
suburbanization
growth and spatial reorganization of a city
60
supply chain
system of organization people technology activities information and resources that turn resources to a finished products delivered to end consumer
61
sustainability
farming without depleting resources/land
62
swidden
land cleared for cultivation by slashing and burning vegetation
63
terracing
form land into steps usually for rice farming
64
township and range survey
rectangular blocks 6 square miles
65
transhumance
moving livestock from 1 grazing ground to another in a seasonal cycle
66
urbanization
making an area more urban
67
vertical integration
single entity controls the entire process of a product
68
von thunen model
cirles proposed by a german man to solve some problems
69
what is the von thunen model trying to show
how distance affects what crops are grown
70
what are the rings on the von thunen model
urban center/market,intensive farming/dairy, forests, crops, ranching
71
what are the factors that contribute to where land use falls into various rings
transportation cost and perishability of materials
72
why land use in each ring
money
73
what did the model not include
modern agricultural/industrial techniques
74
waterlogging of soil
75
Whittlesey's 11 agricultural regions
classification of land based on climate and soil
76
what factors lead to Whittlesey dividing land use types
what the soil is good for and what the climate can support
77
what are Whittlesey's 11 regions( are they subsistence or commercial, intensive or extensive, in developing/developed)
little/no agricultural, pastoral nomadism, intensive cultivation(wet rice dominant or not), shifting cultivation, plantation|mixed livestock & crop, dairying, grain, livestock ranching, Mediterranean farming, Commercial gardening

I HATE AP CLASSES I HATE AP CLASSES (4 decks)

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