UNIT 5 - trauma disaster preparedness

Question 1

an event in which illness or injuries exceed resource capabilities of a community or medical facility.

Answer 1

disaster

(ex): violence, outbreaks, weather, earthquakes, fire, avalanches, nuclear, chemical

Question 2

an event outside the healthcare facility that necessitates activation of emergency management system. A multi or mass casualty event.

Answer 2

external disaster

Question 3

a disaster that can be managed by a hospital using local resources

Answer 3

multi casualty

Question 4

a disaster that can’t be managed by local medical capabilities, and requires collaboration of multiple agencies. (state, federal, regional help is needed)

Answer 4

mass casualty

Question 5

an event within a hospital and/or hospital campus. interferes with client and staff safety.

Answer 5

internal disaster

Question 6

what is the outcome priorities of the internal disaster?

Answer 6

1. ) safety **
2. ) prevent further damage (ex close doors, extingis fires PASS)
3. ) assist the best you can

Question 7

what are some examples of natural mass casualty incidents?

Answer 7

• earthquakes
• hurricanes
• mudslides
• tornadoes
• floods

Question 8

release of toxic biologic agents with a goal of stopping containment

Answer 8

bio terrorism

ex): anthrax, botulism, plague, smallpox, COVID-10(?

Question 9

what is the nursing priorities when dealing with bio-terrorism?

Answer 9

• focus largely on stopping the spread of the disease and preventing contamination of healthcare facility.
• provide supportive care and treat accordingly as it becomes clear what the agent it.

Question 10

_________ is getting the patients from the hot zone to the cold zone.

Answer 10

decontamination

Question 11

what is the hot zone?

Answer 11

the zone with the highest potential for exposure. exclusion zone.

Question 12

what is the warm zone ?

Answer 12

contamination reduction zone. transition between exclusion and support zone. area where the first responder’s enter and exit

Question 13

what is the cold zone?

Answer 13

known as the support zone. area that is free from contamination and can be safely used as a planning and staging area.

Question 14

unexpected occurrence that requires immediate attention

Answer 14

emergency

Question 15

process of trying to have an action plan that decreases the impact of consequences of disaster (ex) boarding up windows for a hurricane.

Answer 15

mitigation

Question 16

having a drill or plan or training that takes place ahead of time so one is prepared for a disaster.

Answer 16

preparedness

Question 17

aftermath of the disaster. the chaotic part of the disaster.

Answer 17

response

Question 18

after the disaster has occurred. and there is an attempt of restoration of whatever event has happened

Answer 18

recovery

Question 19

what is it recommended that bystanders do that are present at the scene.

Answer 19

stop the bleed

Question 20

person responsible for all aspects of an emergency response. this position must be filled by a physician or hospital administration.

Answer 20

hospital incident commander

Question 21

communicates with and issues medical command orders to EMS providers when they seek direction. They decide acuity, and resource needs of the patients.

Answer 21

medical command physician

Question 22

gathers facts and distributes them to the media. They are the liaison between the health care facility and the media.

Answer 22

public information officer

Question 23

ensures the triage of all victims and directing or determining the movement of patients toward the treatment/transport. this position is filled by a physician or nurse.

Answer 23

triage officer role

Question 24

what needs to be present in the 3 day emergency supply?

Answer 24

• non perishable food items (can opener)
• 1 gallon of water per person per day
• towels, blankets, garbage bags plastic bags, toilet tissue
• batteries, flashlights, hand held radio, pocket knife, and matches
• first aid kit, toiletries, hand sanitizer, medicine

Question 25

what is the role of the nurse in the ED?

Answer 25

- organize nursing and ancillary staff - triages, resuscitates, and treats the disaster victims - client discharge recommendations (medically stable) - nurses assigned to other areas

Question 26

- those admitted for observation - diagnostic evaluations and not bedridden - soon scheduled to be discharged or care could occur at another facility - no critical care change in the past 3 days - could be cared for at home with support from family or home services.

Answer 26

characteristics of those that can be discharged in the case of an disaster. (need to make room for trauma victims)

Question 27

what does START triage mean

Answer 27

``` S-simple T-triage A-and R-rapid T-treatment ```

Question 28

what is the goal of the primary assessment during start triage?

Answer 28

first contact where your assign a triage category

Question 29

considering the ongoing process that takes place after the patient has been moved to treatment or holding area awaiting transport. more assessment and treatment will be done

Answer 29

secondary part of start triage

Question 30

what is the first thing that needs to be done when arriving to a trauma scene?

Answer 30

ensure that the area is safe then... call out for anyone that can hear and tell them to walk to a specific area then...

Question 31

what is the overall outcome triaging in a disaster situation?

Answer 31

doing the greatest good for the greatest number of people.

Question 32

categorized by "walkie/talkie" - ambulatory and non urgent - minor injuries

Answer 32

green

Question 33

categorized by those that can wait 30 mins - 2 hours to be treated - delayed

Answer 33

yellow

Question 34

categorized by those that need immediate care - critical patient - immediate threat to life

Answer 34

red

Question 35

categorized by those that are deceased or have a low expectancy to live.

Answer 35

black

Question 36

there should be someone that is _______ to stay with each group in case someone deteriorates they can be moved higher up in triage, except for black.

Answer 36

designated

Question 37

remember ______. first question is always do they have the ability to walk or talk? then you assess - respiratory effort - pulses/perfusion - mental status

Answer 37

RPM

Question 38

all the walking wounded are classified as what?

Answer 38

green

Question 39

respiration: if none, open/reposition the airway, if they start breathing. tag them red and if not tag _____.

Answer 39

black

Question 40

if they are breathing greater than 30, tag them ____. if under 30, next assess pulse/perfusion/circulation. check the radial pulse if they have perfusion to periphery. if so we know organs are perfused. If they you answer yes to the pulse, check mental status. Pulse rate does not matter, matters that they have a pulse! No pulse tag them ____ or check capillary refill.

Answer 40

red ; red

Question 41

if capillary refill is greater than 2 seconds assess for bleeding. If bleeding have someone put pressure on it, and tag them as ____.

Answer 41

red

Question 42

can they follow commands? if they can tag them ______. if they can't, and are confused in any way tag red.

Answer 42

yellow

Question 43

If respirations are less than 30, radial pulse is present and/or capillary refill is greater than 2 seconds and can follow commands tag them as ______.

Answer 43

yellow

Question 44

after tagging all patients....

Answer 44

- red tags should be transported stat - begin initial treatment here - yellow and green tags must be re-assessed more thoroughly

Question 45

after the disaster event what should be done....

Answer 45

- administrative review - critique the incident (debriefing and critical incident stress debriefing) - modify the plan - promote effective coping - support groups

Question 46

what happens after immediately after the event....

Answer 46

- restock supplies - provide rest and transportation for staff - debriefing for small groups of staff - encourage and support co-workers - take breaks when needed - talk about feelings - plenty of water and snack for energy