Unit 5 Word List Flashcards
1
Q
abduction
A
Moving a limb or body part away from the midline
2
Q
acetabulum
A
Hip socket
3
Q
achondroplasia
A
Failure in the development of cartilage
4
Q
adactyly
A
Absence of the finger
5
Q
adduction
A
Moving a limb or body part towards the midline
6
Q
agonist
A
The prime mover the muscle primarily responsible for the movement being studied
7
Q
amphiarthrotic
A
Slightly moveable joint
8
Q
analgesic
A
Drug that reduces pain
9
Q
anykylosing
A
Causing to be stiff
10
Q
ankylosis
A
A disease that makes bones or joints stiff
11
Q
antagonist
A
A muscle that opposes the action of the agonist
12
Q
antiarthritic
A
Drug that reduces the symptoms of arthritis
13
Q
anti-inflammatory
A
Drug that reduces inflammation
14
Q
antipyretic
A
Drug that reduces fever
15
Q
apophysis
A
Outgrowth or protuberance on a bone
16
Q
appendicular
A
Part of the skeleton that is attached to the axial skeleton
17
Q
arthragia
A
Pain in the joint
18
Q
arthrectomy
A
Surgical removal of a joint
19
Q
arthrocentesis
A
Puncture of a joint to remove fluid
20
Q
arthroscope
A
Device for examining the inside of a joint
21
Q
arthrodesis
A
Disease process binding a joint together
22
Q
arthrodynia
A
Pain in the joint
23
Q
arthrodysplasia
A
Bad formation of a joint
24
Q
arthrogram
A
Picture of a joint
25
arthrography
Process for visualizing a joint
26
arthropathy
Disease in a joint
27
arthroplasty
Surgical modification of a joint
28
arthroscopic
Pertaining to examination of a joint using arthroscope
29
arthrotomy
Cutting into a joint
30
articular
Having to do with joints
31
ataxia
Inability to walk
32
atrophy
Failure to develop, or loss of a structure, due to lack of nourishment
33
axial
Pertaining to the center of the body
34
bradykinesia
Slow movement
35
bursa
A bag or synovial fluid that cushions a ligament or tendon that would otherwise rub against a bone
36
bursectomy
Surgical removal of a bursa
37
bursitis
Information of a bursa
38
bursotomy
Cutting into a bursa
39
carpal
Pertaining to the wrist bone
40
carpectomy
Surgical removal of a wrist bone
41
carpitis
Inflammation of a wrist bone
42
cervical
Pertaining to the neck
43
cervicitis
Information of the neck
44
cervicodynia
Pain in the neck
45
chondritis
Information of the cartilage
46
chondrodynia
Pain in the cartilage
47
chondroma
Tumor in the cartilage
48
chondromalacia
Softening of the cartilage
49
chondroplasty
Surgical modification of cartilage
50
circumduction
Movement in a circle around a joint
51
condyle
Knob on a bone
52
costal
Pertaining to a rib
53
costalgia
Pain in a rib
54
costectomy
Surgical removal of a rib
55
costochondritis
Inflammation of the rib and associated cartilage
56
craniectomy
Surgical removal of a piece of the skull
57
craniomalacia
Softening of the skull
58
craniometer
Device for measuring the skull
59
craniosynostosis
Disease where the skull bones of a child fuse too soon after birth
60
craniotomy
Cutting into the skull
61
crepitation
Crackling noise in the joint
62
dactylagia
Pain in the fingers
63
dactylitis
Inflammation of the fingers
64
diaphysis
The shaft of a long bone
65
diarthrotic
Freely movable joint
66
dyskinesia
Trouble with movement
67
dysplasia
Malformation of a structure
68
dystaxia
Trouble with walking
69
dystonia
Trouble with muscle tone
70
eccentric
Force applied to a muscle as it is getting longer
71
effusion
The process of fluid leaking out of a structure
72
electromyogram
Record of the electrical activity of a muscle
73
endochondral
Occurring inside of cartilage
74
endomysium
The innermost connective tissue sheath of a muscle
75
epimysium
The outer most connective tissue sheath of a muscle
76
epiphysis
The end of a long bone
77
epicondyle
A bump next to a knob on a bone
78
exostosis
Abnormal bone growth in the small ear bones
79
extension
Increasing the angle of a joint
80
facet
A flattish surface on a bone where a joint articulates
81
fascia
Band of connective tissue
82
fasciectomy
Removal of a fascia
83
fasciitis
Inflammation of a fascia
84
fascioplasty
Surgical modification of a fascia
85
fasciorrhaphy
Surgical repair of a fascia
86
fasciotomy
Cutting into a fascia
87
femoral
Pertaining to the thigh
88
fissure
A deep crack
89
fixation
Locking into place
90
flexion
Reducing the angle of a joint
91
foramen
Hole in a bone
92
fossa
Shallow groove in a bone
93
fracture
Breaking a bone
94
genu
Knee
95
glenoid
The socket of the shoulder joint
96
gomphosis
The joint between a tooth and the jaw
97
graphospasm
Writers cramp
98
hallux
The big toe
99
hemarthrosis
Blood in a joint
100
hematopoiesis
The process of blood cell forming in the bone marrow
101
hydrarthrosis
Water in a joint
102
hypercalcemia
Abnormally high calcium in the blood
103
hyperextension
Abnormal or excessive increase in the angle of a joint
104
hyperkinesia
Abnormally high movement
105
hypertonia
Abnormally high muscle tone
106
hypertrophy
Abnormal growth of tissue
107
hypocalcemia
Abnormally low calcium in the blood
108
hypokinesia
Abnormally low movement
109
hypophyseal
Pertaining to the tissue underneath the brain
110
hypophysis
The pituitary gland
111
hypotonia
Abnormally low muscle tone
112
infrasoinatus
A muscle or space below the spine of the scapula
113
intercostal
Between the ribs
114
interosseous
Band of connective tissue between the radius and ulna or between the tibia and fibula
115
intramembranous
Occurring within a membrane
116
isometric
Force applied to a muscle without a change in muscle length
117
kinesiology
The study of movement
118
kinetic
Pertaining to motion
119
kyphosis
A bend in the spine that results in a visible bump in the upper back
120
lacrimal
Pertaining to crying or tears
121
lamella
Thin plate
122
ligament
A band of connective tissue connecting bone to bone
123
lordosis
A bend in the spine that results in a pronounced hollow space above the buttocks
124
lumbar
Lower back
125
lumbodynia
Pain in the lower back
126
meatus
Tube or passage
127
medullary
Pertaining to the center of a multilayered organ
128
metacarpal
The bones between the wrist and fingers
129
metacarpectomy
Surgical removal of a metacarpal
130
metaphysis
Transition between the end and the shaft of a long bone
131
metatarsalgia
Pain in the bone between the ankle and toes
132
metatarsal
The bones between the ankle and toes
133
musculoskeletal
Pertaining to the muscles and bones
134
myalgia
Pain in the muscles
135
myasthenia
Disease of muscle weakness
136
myectomy
Surgical removal of a muscle
137
myoclonus
Involuntary muscle twitch
138
myodynia
Pain in a muscle
139
myofasciitis
Inflammation of a muscle and it’s associated connective tissue
140
myography
Obtaining a record of the contraction of a muscle
141
myolysis
Breakdown of muscle
142
myoma
Tumor derived from muscle
143
myomalacia
Softening of muscle
144
myomectomy
Removal of a tumor derived from muscle
145
myoplasty
Surgical modification of a muscle
146
myorrhaphy
Surgical repair of a muscle
147
myosarcoma
Cancer derived from muscle tissue
148
myosclerosis
Hardening of muscle
149
myositis
Inflammation of muscle
150
myospasm
Involuntary contraction of muscle
151
myotomy
Cutting into a muscle
152
neuromuscular
Pertaining to the nervous system and muscles
153
occipital
Skull bone at the back of the head, next to the cervical spine
154
orthotic
Device to straighten the foot or leg
155
ossification
The process of making bone
156
ostalgia
Pain in the bone
157
ostectomy
Surgical removal of a bone
158
osteitis
Inflammation of a bone
159
osteoarthritis
Inflammation of bones and the joint formed by those bones
160
osteoblast
Rapidly dividing cell of bone
161
osteocarcinoma
Cancer derived from bone tissue
162
osteochondritis
Inflammation of bone and it’s associated cartilage
163
osteochondroma
A tumor derived from bone and cartilage
164
osteoclasia
Abnormal breakdown of bone
165
osteoclast
Cell which breaks down bone
166
osteodynia
Pain in a bone
167
osteogenesis
The process of forming bone
168
osteolysis
The process of breaking down bone
169
osteomalacia
Abnormal softening of a bone
170
osteomylitis
Inflammation of the bone marrow
171
osteon
Microscopic anatomical unit of bone
172
osteopathy
Disease of the bone
173
osteopenia
Abnormal reduction in bone tissue
174
osteoplasty
Surgical modification of a bone
175
osteoporosis
Disease resulting in an abnormal number of holes in bone
176
osteonecrosis
Death of bone tissue
177
osteosarcoma
Cancerous tumor derived from bone tissue
178
osteosclerosis
Hardening of bone
179
pectoral
Pertaining to the chest
180
pelvis
Bone of the lower abdomen which results from the fusion of six bones
181
perimysium
A connective tissue sheath of muscle that surround a bundle of muscle fibers
182
periosteum
Membranes surrounding the bone
183
phalanges
Fingers and toes
184
pollex
The thumb
185
polydactyly
Too many fingers
186
polymyositis
Inflammation of many muscles
187
pronation
Turning the back of the hand facing forward; lying face down
188
rhabdomyolysis
Abnormal breakdown of skeletal muscle
189
sarcolemmma
The cell membrane surrounding a muscle cell
190
sarcomere
Repeating microscopic anatomical unit of striated muscle
191
sarcoplasm
Cytoplasm of a muscle cell
192
scoliosis
Abnormal curvature of the vertebrae
193
sphincter
Band of muscle surrounding an opening
194
spine
Bones of the back, vertebrae
195
spondylitis
Inflammation of the vertebrae
196
spondyloarthropathy
Disease of a joint between vertebrae
197
spondylodynia
Pain in the vertebrae
198
spondylolisthesis
Abnormal slippage of the vertebrae past one another
199
spondylolysis
Abnormal breakdown of the vertebrae
200
spondylomalacia
Abnormal softening of the vertebrae
201
spondylosis
Disease of the vertebrae
202
sprain
Injurie to ligament
203
stenosis
Abnormal narrowing of an opening
204
sternotomy
Cutting into the sternum
205
sternum
Breastbone; bone that ribs attach to
206
strain
Injury to a muscle or its tendon
207
subluxation
Dislocation of a joint
208
sulcus
Groove in a muscle
209
supination
Turning the palm of the hand face forward; laying face up
210
synarthrotic
Immovable joint
211
syncytium
Cells which join together to make a large, multinucleate cell
212
syndactyly
Abnormal joint of fingers
213
synergist
Muscle which aids an agonist muscle in its normal function
214
talipes equinovarus
Club foot
215
tarsal
Pertaining to the ankle
216
tarsalgia
Pain in the ankle
217
tarsectomy
Surgical removal of a tarsal bone
218
tarsitis
Inflammation of the ankle
219
tarsoclasia
Breakdown of an ankle bone
220
tarsoptosis
Condition of tarsal bones sagging
221
tenalgia
Pain in a tendon
222
tendectony
Surgical removal of a tendon
223
tendinitis
Inflammation of a tendon
224
tendodesis
Tends bound together by disease process
225
tendolysis
Breakdown of a tendon
226
tendon
a band of connective tissue connecting muscle to bone
227
228
tendonitis
Inflammation of a tendon
229
tendoplasty
Surgical modification of a tendon
230
tenodynia
Pain in a tendon
231
tenolysis
Breakdown of a tendon
232
tenoplasty
Surgical modification of a tendon
233
teorrhaphy
Surgical repair of a tendon
234
tenotomy
Cutting into a tendon
235
thoracic
Pertaining to the chest
236
tibia
Bone of the lower extremity
237
tibialgia
Pain in the tibia
238
tomography
Technique using low dose x rays from many angles to visualize a body part
239
tonograph
Record of muscle contraction
240
torticollis
Abnormal contraction of the neck on one side
241
trochanter
Prominent knob on the femur which forms from the attachment of muscles
242
trochlea
Bone structure which acts or looks like a pulley
243
tuberosity
Small bump on bone
244
tuberosity
Bump on bone
245
valgum
Abnormally close knees
246
varum
Abnormally distant knees
247
vertebra
Bone on the spinal column
248
zygomatic
Bone of the face
