Unit 6

Question 1

Occurs when the blood vessels in the coronary arteries narrow which results in reduced blood flow to the heart muscle and deprives it of oxygen and nutrients. Can lead to MI or CVA

Answer 1

Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)

Question 2

What are the symptoms of CAD?

Answer 2

Angina pectoris, shortness of breath, edema or swelling (usually in legs and feet), and poor circulation

Question 3

Occurs when all or part of the blood flow to the heart is blocked due to a blood clot or plaque. This prevents that part of the heart from receiving oxygen or nutrients and that area dies

Answer 3

Myocardial Infarct (MI)

Question 4

Occurs when the heart muscle cannot pump the blood normally

Answer 4

Congestive Heart Failure (CHF)

Question 5

What causes CHF?

Answer 5

MI, hypertension, valve problems, anything that damages the heart muscle

Question 6

What are a CNA’s responsibilities with a resident who has CHF?

Answer 6

I&O, weigh daily, fluid restrictions, and exercise.

Question 7

A progressive lung disease people live with

Answer 7

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)

Question 8

What are the two types of COPD?

Answer 8

Chronic bronchitis and emphysema

Question 9

Inflammation of the lining of the bronchi

Answer 9

Chronic bronchitis (although it can be an acute condition)

Question 10

Chronic incurable lung disease characterized by overstretched lung sacs

Answer 10

Emphysema

Question 11

A chronic disorder caused by irritants such as pollen, dust, or cold air.

Answer 11

Asthma

Question 12

Infection of the lung sometimes caused by aspiration

Answer 12

Pneumonia

Question 13

What are the symptoms of pneumonia?

Answer 13

High fever, cough, SOB, rapid pulse, chills, may cough up sputum, and wheezing

Question 14

A highly contagious disease caused by bacteria carried on droplets in the air

Answer 14

Tuberculosis (TB)

Question 15

A hereditary disease causing progressive weakness and loss of muscle mass

Answer 15

Muscular dystrophy

Question 16

Blood supply to area of brain is interrupted for a short time

Answer 16

Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA)

Question 17

When a blood vessel ruptures or blood clot obstructs blood flow to the brain

Answer 17

Cerebrovascular accident (CVA) or stroke

Question 18

A progressive disease that affects the way the impulses are transmitted to and from the brain

Answer 18

Multiple sclerosis

Question 19

Infection of the middle ear

Answer 19

Otitis media

Question 20

Inner ear infection

Answer 20

Meniere’s disease

Question 21

A blind spot in the center of vision

Answer 21

Macular degeneration

Question 22

Type of mood disorder that causes pain, fatigue, apathy, sadness, irritability, anxiety, sleeplessness, and loss of appetite

Answer 22

Major Depressive Disorder (MDD)

Question 23

A type of mood disorder that causes mood swings, changes in energy levels, and ability to function.

Answer 23

Bipolar disorder

Question 24

False or distorted sensory perceptions

Answer 24

Hallucinations

Question 25

Persistent false beliefs

Answer 25

Delusions

Question 26

The inability to think clearly, could have trouble focusing and feels disoriented

Answer 26

Confusion

Question 27

The loss of cognitive function caused by changes in the brain and interfere with a person's mental abilities and social activites

Answer 27

Dementia

Question 28

A brain disease that causes gradual loss of short term memory

Answer 28

Alzheimer's Disease

Question 29

Bladder infection

Answer 29

Cystitis

Question 30

Kidney infection

Answer 30

Pyelonephritis

Question 31

Care given to people who have serious disease or who are dying that emphasizes relieving pain, controlling symptoms, and preventing side effects

Answer 31

Palliative care

Question 32

Legal documents that allow people to choose what medical care they wish to have if they are unable to make those decisions themselves

Answer 32

Advance directives

Question 33

What are the symptoms of hypoglycemia (low blood glucose)?

Answer 33

Shaky, fast heartbeat, sweating, dizzy, anxious, hungry, blurry vision, weakness or fatigue, headache, and irritable.

Question 34

What are the symptoms of hyperglycemia (high blood glucose)?

Answer 34

Extreme thirst, need to urinate often, dry skin, hungry, blurry vision, drowsy, and slow-healing wounds.