Unit 6

Question 1

Development

Answer 1

the sequence of age related changes that occur as a person progresses from conception to death

Question 2

Nature/Maturationists

Answer 2

development is due to genetically programmed growth and development

Question 3

Nurture/Environmentalists

Answer 3

intellectual development is due to environmental influences that are learned

Question 4

Prenatal Period

Answer 4

the time period from conception to birth, usually encompassing nine months of pregnancy

Question 5

Germinal Stage

Answer 5

the first phase of prenatal development

Question 6

Embryonic Stage

Answer 6

second stage of prenatal development

Question 7

Placenta

Answer 7

Structure that allows oxygen and nutrients to pass into the fetus from the mothers bloodstream and bodily wastes to pass out to the mother

Question 8

Fetal Stage

Answer 8

the third stag of prenatal development

Question 9

Teratogens

Answer 9

external substances that invade the womb and cause birth defects

Question 10

Critical Period

Answer 10

a stretch of time during which some form of development must take place

Question 11

Reproductive System

Answer 11

Develops during the 1st and 2nd trimesters

Question 12

Nervous System

Answer 12

Develops during all three trimesters

Question 13

Cigarettes

Answer 13

low birth weight, miscarriage, stillbirth and premature delivery

Question 14

Cocaine, Crack, and Other Drugs

Answer 14

fetuses cannot break down the drugs in their systems and are born addicted

Question 15

Prescription and OTC drugs

Answer 15

thalidomide; used for morning sickness; high doses of vitamin A, cleft lip/palate

Question 16

FAS

Answer 16

a collection of congenital (inborn) problems associated with excessive alcohol use during pregnancy

Question 17

Viruses/Bacterias

Answer 17

Mumps/measles/rubella (MMR), Chicken Pox, Syphilis, Influenza

Question 18

Rooting Reflex

Answer 18

the infant turns its mouth looking for the nipple when stroked on the cheek

Question 19

Grasping/Palmer Reflex

Answer 19

infant grasps objects that touch the palm of the hand

Question 20

Sucking Reflex

Answer 20

infant will suck on objects placed in the mouth

Question 21

Babinski Reflex

Answer 21

infant will spread toes when bottom of foot is stroked

Question 22

Moro Reflex

Answer 22

when startled, the infant flings out their arms and legs

Question 23

Orienting Reflex

Answer 23

infant will turn in the direction of a change in their environment, such as a loud noise. This reflex persists into adulthood

Question 24

Reflexive Movements

Answer 24

first year of life

Question 25

Rudimentary Movements

Answer 25

first voluntary movements; birth to age two; rolling, crawling walking

Question 26

Fundamental Movements

Answer 26

child learns to manipulate their body, age two to seven; running and jumping; the environment highly influences the movements that are developed

Question 27

Specialized Movements

Answer 27

combination of fundamental movements for specialized tasks, such as playing tennis

Question 28

Transitional Stage

Answer 28

applying fundamental skills to a single task such as serving a tennis ball

Question 29

Application Stage

Answer 29

application of a specialized skill to an activity such as playing volleyball

Question 30

Maturation

Answer 30

a development that reflects the gradual unfolding of one’s genetic blueprint

Question 31

Developmental Norms

Answer 31

refers to the typical age at which an individual can display various behaviours and abilities

Question 32

Temperament

Answer 32

natural disposition to show a particular mood at a particular intensity for a specific Period

Question 33

Imprinting

Answer 33

a phase sensitive form of learning that is rapid and not dependent on the consequences of behavior

Question 34

Attachment

Answer 34

an emotional bond with another person, that provides safety and security

Question 35

Secure Cry

Answer 35

when parent leaves room and run to them when they return; child uses the parent for support

Question 36

Anxious-Ambivalent

Answer 36

the child is anxious around mom, but shows discomfort towards strangers; they protest when mom leaves, but are not comforted when she returns

Question 37

Avoidant

Answer 37

the child does not use the parent for support and is not distressed when she leaves

Question 38

Separation Anxiety

Answer 38

emotional distress seen in many infants when they are separated from people with whom they have formed and attachment