Unit 6 Biotechnology

Question 1

Transgenic organism

Answer 1

organism containing fragments of DNA from an organism of a different species

Question 2

Reasons to create GMOs

Answer 2

grow larger, last longer, resistant to disease

Question 3

Transformation

Answer 3

recombinant Dna tech

Question 4

vector

Answer 4

organism that acts as a carrier

Question 5

how does recombinant tech work?

Answer 5

use bacteria as a vector, and place genes from another animal into it

Question 6

what is the point of recombinant tech

Answer 6

to mass produce genes

Question 7

what is cloning

Answer 7

producing a genetically identical organism from the original organism

Question 8

purpose of cloning

Answer 8

to mass produce organism with desirable traits

Question 9

how does cloning work

Answer 9

remove nucleus from egg, fuse cell (from the person u want to clone) and egg with electricity. then implant the new egg into a surrogate

Question 10

what is a stem cell

Answer 10

somatic cells that can change into specialized cells or replicate itself

Question 11

where is an adult stem cell found

Answer 11

bone marrow, spinal cord, skin, liver, umbilical cord

Question 12

where is a stem cell found in an embryo

Answer 12

undifferentiated cells

Question 13

undifferentiated cells

Answer 13

first cells in a human embryo that hasn’t become a specialized cell

Question 14

what are stem cells used for

Answer 14

to replace damaged or diseased cells

Question 15

gene therapy

Answer 15

using genes to treat and prevent diseases

Question 16

how does gene therapy work

Answer 16

insert gene into a patients cell instead of drugs and surgery. or take out bad gene and replace with a good gene.

Question 17

what is gene therapy used for

Answer 17

cancer therapy, replace factors and enzymes

Question 18

Restriction Enzyme

Answer 18

recognizes serious of nucleotides and cuts DNA Into segments

Question 19

Steps in gel electrophoresis

Answer 19

dna is cut into peices using restriction enzyme, then electrical current spectates different sized pieces of dna, then fragments are separated by weight (large pieces move slower: at top), banding pattern is created (this is unique for every individual), matching bands help identify source of dna.

Question 20

What does gel electrophoresis do

Answer 20

used to make a DNA fingerprint

Question 21

uses of DNA fingerprinting

Answer 21

to determine paternity, to identify crime suspects, to determine evolutionary relationships.