Unit 6: Bones

Question 1

what is the special brand of anatomy for skeletal system

Answer 1

osteology

Question 2

what are the 5 functions of the skeletal system

Answer 2

provides support and protection by supporting and protecting soft tissues and provides attachment sites for muscles, tendons and ligaments, assistant in movement, mineral homeostasis, blood cell production, and acid-base balance

Question 3

what are tendons and ligaments

Answer 3

a tendon connects muscle to bones or connects muscle to other muscle. a ligament connects a bone to another bone

Question 4

what is blood cell production called? how does it happen

Answer 4

hematopoiesis are multipoint stem cells in red bone marrow produce blood cells

Question 5

what are the two division of the skeleton? humber of bones?what does it include?

Answer 5

axial skeleton has 80 bones which includes bones of skull, hyoid, vertebral column, sternum and ribcage. appendicular skeleton contains 126 bones which include pectoral girdle, upper limbs, pelvic girdle, and lower limbs

Question 6

what are the 5 possible bone shape

Answer 6

long bones, short bones, sesamoid bones, flat bones, and irregular bones

Question 7

what are long bones? where are they located? name is tricky btw

Answer 7

they are longer than they are white. have a shaft (central part) and two distinctly different ends (proximal and distal end) located on limbs like humerus and trivia and phalanges

Question 8

what are short bones? location

Answer 8

have equal length and width; have a cube like shape and are located in carpals and tarsals

Question 9

what are sesamoid bones? function? located?

Answer 9

a short bone that develops inside a tendon. size can vary. function is to protect tendon from wear and improves movement at a joint. located in patella (present in all people) and palms/soles (not present in all people)

Question 10

what are flat bones? function? located?

Answer 10

large surface area, are thin, flat and usually curved. function is generally not in movement, they function to provide protection and a surface for muscle attachment.

Question 11

what are irregular bones? location

Answer 11

have miscellaneous shapes that do not fit with the other categories listed. located in vertebrae and hip bones

Question 12

what is the definition of bone markings:

Answer 12

surface marking that allow for bones to function

Question 13

what are the four type of markings?

Answer 13

articulations, extensions & projections, depressions, openings

Question 14

what are articulations? function? example?

Answer 14

this is a point where one bone meets another bone. forms joints example is coldly.e such as occipital condyle

Question 15

what are extensions and projection? two function?

Answer 15

these marking stick out from the bone. they form joints and are attachment points for CT and or muscles

Question 16

what are depressions? function? examples

Answer 16

these are shallow areas that allow passage of soft tissue or for attachment of muscles. example is a fossa such as the infrasponus fossa

Question 17

what are openings?funciton? example?

Answer 17

these are howls that allow for passage of soft tissue. example is foramen magnum

Question 18

what are the two definition of a bone?

Answer 18

an organ because all bones are separate organs. a tissue because bone is not type of ct

Question 19

which five tissue are found in bone?

Answer 19

bone, nerve tissue, cartilage, dense irregular ct, and blood vessel

Question 20

what are bones (osseous)

Answer 20

makes of majority of the tissue in bone

Question 21

what are nerve tissue in bone

Answer 21

bone is innervated

Question 22

where is cartilage

Answer 22

on articular surface where bone meets another bone

Question 23

what are dense irregular ct

Answer 23

THE LINE CAVITIES AND cover external suave

Question 24

what are bone vessel

Answer 24

bone tissue that is vascular, they also have smooth muscle and simple squamous epithelial tissue inside the vessel wall

Question 25

what are the two types of bone

Answer 25

compact and spongy

Question 26

where is compact located and the three features

Answer 26

in the outer layers of bone beneath in the periosteum. they are dense, smooth, and solid, strongest type of bone, has osteons, lamella, and a central canal

Question 27

where are spongy bone locate? what are the 6 feature?

Answer 27

the inner layers of bones and are covered by endosperm. features are made of small, needle pieces called spicules, and trabecular; many open space– bone marrow is located in the spaces, sponge like, weaker form of bone, no central canal, a few osteons

Question 28

what are the three regions of a long bone?

Answer 28

diaphysis, epiphysis, and metaphysis

Question 29

what is diaphysis ? consist of ?

Answer 29

center or shaft of the bone and made of compact bone

Question 30

what is the definition of medullary cavity

Answer 30

a hallow space in the center of the shaft. bone marrow dislocated here

Question 31

what is epiphysis? what is the superficial region made of? deep region?

Answer 31

the end of the bone, there are two ends proximal and distal superficial region is made of compact bone and deep region is made of spongy bone

Question 32

what is the definition of arituclar cartilage and articular surface

Answer 32

region of hyalin cartilage covering the articular sure. arituclar surface is where the bone meets another bone (called joint)

Question 33

what is metaphysis

Answer 33

this is the point where the diaphysis and epihyis meet

Question 34

what is epiphyseal plate

Answer 34

layer of hyaline cartilage in the metaphysic. allow for lengthwise growth of the bone. plate present only in growing bone

Question 35

what is the definition ephiphyl ine

Answer 35

where the bone stops growing the plate is replaced by bone tissue and is now called the epiphyseal line

Question 36

what are the two ct membranes associated with bone

Answer 36

periosteum and endosperm