Unit 6 - Key Words Energy Transfers and Sound 2

Question 1

movement back and forth - vibrations are sometimes referred to as oscillations

Answer 1

vibrate

Question 2

a wave where the vibrations are parallel to the direction of energy transfer

Answer 2

longitudinal wave

Question 3

a unit of sound loudness

Answer 3

decibel (dB)

Question 4

the maximum displacement of a point on a wave from the undisturbed (equilibrium) position

Answer 4

amplitude

Question 5

the number of waves passing a set point, or emitted by a source, in a second – frequency is measured in hertz (Hz or /s).

Answer 5

frequency

Question 6

a graph of the displacement of wave motion, at different distances along the wave

Answer 6

waveform

Question 7

the distance between two identical points on consecutive waves e.g. the distance from one crest to the next or one trough to the next

Answer 7

wavelength

Question 8

a device for changing sound into an electrical signal

Answer 8

microphone

Question 9

when a wave, such as light, bounces off a surface

Answer 9

reflection

Question 10

the effect of hearing a sound twice once when it is created and the second time after the sound wave has undergone reflection before being heard.

Answer 10

echo

Question 11

the speed at which a sound wave

Answer 11

speed of sound

Question 12

the speed that a wave travels

Answer 12

wave speed

waves speed (m/s) = wavelength (m) × frequency (Hz)

Question 13

a technique used to measure distance by detecting reflected ultrasound waves

Answer 13

sonar

Question 14

a very small part of a material such as an atom or a molecule

Answer 14

particle

Question 15

a space where there are no particles of matter

Answer 15

vacuum

Question 16

an idea that explains facts or observations and is the basis for experimentation (X depends on Y)

Answer 16

hypothesis

Question 17

to redirect a wave such as sound or light

Answer 17

reflect

Question 18

to take in energy e.g. from sound

Answer 18

absorb

Question 19

using materials that absorb sound

Answer 19

soundproofing

Question 20

where sound waves enter the ear

Answer 20

ear canal

Question 21

the membrane in the ear that transfers energy from sound waves to the inner ear

Answer 21

ear drum

Question 22

tiny bones in the ear that amplify the vibrations of sound

Answer 22

ossicles

Question 23

part of the inner ear where vibrations are changed to electrical signals

Answer 23

cochlea

Question 24

the nerve that transmits signals from the ear to the brain

Answer 24

auditory nerve

Question 25

a measure of the energy in a sound wave recorded in decibels (dB)

Answer 25

loudness

Question 26

protection worn for the ears to protect them from loud sounds

Answer 26

ear defenders

Question 27

the range of sound frequencies that an animal can hear

Answer 27

hearing range