Unit 6: Protein

Question 1

what are the 5 functions of protein?

Answer 1

1. structural
2. transport
3. fluid and acid-base balance
4. hormones, enzymes, antibodies
5. energy source

Question 2

why do you need to consume water when breaking down protein?

Answer 2

dehydration occurs

Question 3

how many amino acids are there? how many are essential and non-essential?

Answer 3

20

essential: 9

non-essential: 11

Question 4

what are the 3 conditionally non-essential amino acids?

Answer 4

arginine
cysteine
tyrosine

Question 5

what is the primary protein structure?

Answer 5

sequence of a chain of amino acids

Question 6

what is the secondary protein structure?

Answer 6

local folding of the polypeptide chain into helices or sheets

Question 7

what is the tertiary protein structure?

Answer 7

3D folding pattern of a protein due to side chain interactions

Question 8

what is the quaternary protein structure?

Answer 8

protein consisting of more than one amino acid chain

Question 9

what is oligo?

Answer 9

4-10

Question 10

what is poly?

Answer 10

10+

Question 11

what is a complete protein? give an example

Answer 11

has all the essential AA in high amounts

example) animal sources and soy

Question 12

what is an incomplete protein? give an example

Answer 12

deficient in one or more essential AA

example) grains, nuts, seeds

Question 13

what is the digestibility of animal and plant sources?

Answer 13

animal sources: 95%

plant sources: 85%

Question 14

what is a limiting amino acid?

Answer 14

the amino acid lowest in quantity

stops the synthesis of a protein chain because there’s not enough

Question 15

what is the RDA of protein for adults?

Answer 15

0.8g per kg of body weight

Question 16

why is protein not a good source of energy during training?

Answer 16

protein takes a long time to digest and absorb

Question 17

why should you combine protein and carbohydrates after training?

Answer 17

stimulates insulin secretion and nutrient uptakes

Question 18

what are 3 recommendations of protein intake after training?

Answer 18

consume 15-20g of high-quality protein within 2 to 3 hours

hydrolyzed proteins absorb faster

small frequent amounts of protein helps maintain AA concentrations over a longer period of time, prolonging protein synthesis