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PAT 1 > Unit 6 - Radiology > Flashcards

Unit 6 - Radiology Flashcards

1
Q

How can you identify a periapical image?

A
  • Shows entire entire tooth (crown and roots)

- View allows 3-5 mm beyond apices (apex)

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2
Q

What type of image would be used to detect cysts, tumors, abcesses, or periodontal disease?

A

Periapical

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3
Q

What type of image would be used during root canal procedures?

A

Periapical

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4
Q

How can you identify a bitewing image?

A
  • Shows maxillary and mandibular teeth

- Can be vertical or horizontal

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5
Q

What is the purpose of a bitewing image?

A
  • to examine interproximal areas
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6
Q

What is the purpose of an occlusal image?

A
  • Examines entire maxillary/ mandibular arch
  • To locate retained roots
  • ” foreign bodies
  • ” salivary stones
  • Evaluate extent of lesions and fractures
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7
Q

Which type of image is most common in Pedodontics?

A

Occlusal

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8
Q

Which teeth are considered anteriors?

A
  • Central incisors
  • Lateral incisors
  • Canines
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9
Q

Which teeth are considered posteriors?

A
  • Premolars

- Molars

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10
Q

Describe the paralleling technique

A
  • uses “Rinn” extention cone paralleling device (XCP)
  • patient bites onto XCP so cone is parallel to long axis of tooth
  • most accurate technique

Cannot be used:

  • with kids (mouth too small)
  • when teeth in area are missing (cannot hold XCP)
  • with short palates

Should not be used if uncomfortable in patients mouth
ie - senior with dry mouth

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11
Q

Describe the bisecting technique

A
  • Patient holds receptor
  • Subjective as angle of cone and receptor has to be manually aimed
  • Not as accurate, can be distorted
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12
Q

If a portion of a radiograph is light/white, it is __________.

A

Radiopaque

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13
Q

What would be radiopaque?

A
  • Fillings
  • Enamel
  • Crowns
  • Bone
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14
Q

If a portion of a radiograph is dark/black, it is __________.

A

Radiolucent

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15
Q

What would be radiolucent?

A
  • Cavities
  • Pulp
  • Dentin
  • Maxillary Sinus
  • Tissue
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16
Q

If a structure appears radiopaque, its density is ______?

A

High

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17
Q

If a structure appears radiolucent, its density is ______?

A

Low

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18
Q

If a radiograph is taken with a sensor, it is what kind of image?

A

Digital

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19
Q

If a radiograph is taken with a film, it is what kind of image?

A

Conventional

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20
Q

Why do we take radiographic images?

A

To see what is going on under oral tissues

  • lesions
  • confirm/classify suspected diseases
  • provide info during dental procedures
  • evaluate growth and development
  • detect changes due to caries, periodontal disease, or trauma
  • document condition of patient
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21
Q

What can and cannot a CDA do in terms of radiography?

A

CAN take/develop prescribed radiographs

CANNOT diagnose patient

22
Q

Forms of waves of energy emission through space or material

A

Radiation

23
Q

High-energy ionizing electromagnetic radiation

A

X-radiation

24
Q

A beam of energy that has the power to penetrate substances and record image shadows on photographic image/digital sensors

A

X-ray

25
Q

The study of radiation that deals with the use of radiant energy in the diagnoses and treatment of disease

A

Radiology

26
Q

The art and science of making radiographs by the exposure of a receptor to x-rays

A

Radiography

27
Q

An image produced on photosensitive film by exposing the film to radiation and then processing it

A

Radiograph

28
Q

Something that responds to a stimulus; a recording medium

A

Receptor

29
Q

A solid state image receptor that contains a silicon chip with an electric circut

A

Sensor

30
Q

What sequence should images be taken?

Which area should you start in if patient is a easily gagged?

A

1) Anteriors
2) Premolars
3) Molars

Start with the mandibular area if patient is easily gagged

31
Q

Requirement for anterior central exposures

A

Central incisors should be in the center

32
Q

Requirement for anterior canine exposures

A

Canines should be in the center

33
Q

Requirement for posterior premolar exposures

A

Distal half of canines and back

34
Q

Requirement for posterior molar exposures

A

Distal half of 2nd premolars and back

35
Q

5 rules for casting a shadow image

A

1 - small focal spot
2 - long target object distance (16” cone)
3 - short object receptor disnatnce
4 - parallel object and receptor
5 - central ray of xray beam must be perpindicular to receptor

36
Q

Which arch should you set bitewing receptor placements to?

A

Mandibular

37
Q

Requirement for premolar bitewings (anterior bitewings)

A

distal half of the most anterior canine and all teeth posterior

must have open contacts btwn maxillary 4 and 5

38
Q

Requirement for molar bitewings (posterior bitewings)

A

distal half of most anterior 2nd premolar and all teeth posterior

must have open contacts btwn maxillary 6 and 7

39
Q

Gauge open contacts using __________ arch

A

Maxillary

40
Q

ERROR

- image does not show required teeth

A

Faulty Placement - FP

41
Q

ERROR

- “crooked” image or reduced amount of tooth visibility

A

Biteblock - BB

42
Q

ERROR

- round white cut off

A

Cone Cut - CC

43
Q

ERROR

- over lapped contacts

A

Horizontal Alignment - HA

44
Q

ERROR

- Foreshortening or elongation of teeth in image

A

Vertical Alignment - VA

45
Q

ERROR

  • Darkened image due to film fog
  • Blurred image due to patient movement
  • anything other codes don’t describe
A

Other

46
Q

ERROR

- lines through image

A

Creased Image - CI

47
Q

ERROR

  • Flim: pattern of lead foil is shown
  • PSP: metal dot is visible
  • CMOS: no image
A

Image Reversed - IR

- sensor is backwards

48
Q

ERROR

- multiple image

A

Double Exposure - DE

49
Q

ERROR

- set of exposures are not in the right formation

A

Mounting Error - ME

50
Q

ERROR

- Image is unable to be diagnosed due to darkness

A

Radiographic Density - RD

51
Q

ERROR

- “pimple” or dot is not on occlusal surface side of image

A

Faulty Dot Placement - FDP

52
Q

ERROR

- Staff had to help

A

Faculty Assistance - FA

PAT 1 (8 decks)

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