Unit 6 - Solution Chemistry

Question 1

Define Miscible and Immiscible

Answer 1

Miscible: forming of a HoM mixture when added together

Immiscible: not forming a HoM mixture when added together

Question 2

Define Solubility

Answer 2

Ability of one substance to dissolve in another substance

Question 3

What are created when water molecules interact wit other water molecules?

Answer 3

Hydrogen bonds

Question 4

What happens when ionic compounds dissolve in water?

Answer 4

Ion-dipole bonds results in the production of hydrated ions

Question 5

Describe non-polar covalent

Answer 5

Hold their electrons equally and/or are not asymmetric (Ex. CH4 methane)

Non-polar molecules won’t dissolve in polar solvents (like water)

Question 6

Describe the dissolving process

Answer 6

Interaction of three different attractions:

Solvent to OTHER solvent

Solvent to Solute

Solvent to OTHER solute

LIKE DISSOLVES LIKE

Question 7

What are the factors affecting the rate of dissolving?

Answer 7

Solubility: higher will dissolve faster

Temperature:
• solid solute are more soluble in warmer water
• gas solutes are less soluble in warmer water

Surface area: more SA = more solubility

Stirring: results in faster moving particles

Question 8

Explain how to do Dilution Calculations

Answer 8

Volume 1 x Concentration 1 = Volume 2 x Concentration 2

OR

V1C1 = V2C2

Question 9

Explain how to do mixing solution problems (w/concentration)

Answer 9

1. Split into two separate dilutation calculations and perform them
2. Write dissociation equations and balance
3. Add up each ion’s concentration (take answer from #1 on the respective side and multiply by wanted ion’s mole over the solution)

Question 10

What are Colligative properties?

Answer 10

Some properties depend only on the concentration of the solute, not on its identity

Question 11

What does Boiling point elevation mean?

Answer 11

Adding a solute to water will increasing the boiling point of water

Ex. Cooking pasta in salted water will make it cook at a higher temperature

Question 12

What does Freezing point depression mean?

Answer 12

Adding a solute to water will decrease the freezing point of the water

Ex. Use of salt to melt ice on streets

Question 13

What is Titration?

Answer 13

Process used to determine concentration of an unknown solution by reacting a measured amount with a solution of known concentration until the concentrations are equal

*commonly used during neutralizations to determine concentration of an acid or base

Question 14

Explain how to do titrations calculations finding concentration

Answer 14

1. Write balanced equation
2. Find how many moles are needed to “titrate”(stoichiometry involved)
3. Divide the moles by the volume associated with the unknown solution (NOT THE FULL VOLUME) to find the Molarity

Question 15

Define unsaturated, saturated and supersaturated

Answer 15

Saturated: solutions that can dissolve additional solute

Unsaturated: solutions that can’t dissolve more solute at a given temperature

Supersaturated: solutions containing more solute than can normally be dissolved at a given temperature