Unit 7 Final Review Flashcards
Have enough knowledge to write a DBQ and LAQ
1
Q
What significant global influence did Western European nations hold before the World Wars?
A
Colonial empires and economic dominance
2
Q
Which country emerged as a leading power after World War I?
A
United States
3
Q
What happened to the United States’ influence during the Great Depression?
A
It dwindled
4
Q
Which country gained dominance in East and Southeast Asia during the interwar period?
A
Japan
5
Q
Who were the two leading global superpowers after World War II?
A
United States and Soviet Union
6
Q
What global conflict led to the emergence of the Cold War?
A
World War II
7
Q
What were the main causes of global conflict identified in the text?
A
Imperialism, nationalism, militarism, alliances, economic factors
8
Q
What role did imperialism play in global conflicts?
A
Led to control over markets and resources, causing conflicts
9
Q
How did nationalism contribute to global tensions?
A
Fueled tensions and ultimately led to war
10
Q
What phenomenon created an atmosphere of potential conflict among nations?
A
Arms race
11
Q
What were the two main opposing sides in global conflicts?
A
Axis and Allied powers
12
Q
What economic event contributed to the outbreak of World War II?
A
The Great Depression
13
Q
What positive impacts did scientific and technological advancements have?
A
Improvements in communication, transportation, industry, agriculture, and medicine
14
Q
What negative impact did advancements in technology have during global conflicts?
A
Development of devastating weapons, such as the atomic bomb
15
Q
What ideologies rose after World War II that challenged existing political systems?
A
Fascism, communism, and other ideologies
16
Q
What major process began after World War II leading to the rise of independent nations?
A
Decolonization
17
Q
What was the nature of World War I?
A
A global conflict with devastating consequences
18
Q
How does World War II differ from World War I?
A
It was a more total war with greater loss of life and destruction
19
Q
What global economic crisis contributed to political instability before World War II?
A
The Great Depression
20
Q
What characterized the Cold War?
A
An ideological and geopolitical struggle between the United States and the Soviet Union
21
Q
Who perpetrated the Armenian genocide from 1915 to 1917?
A
The Ottoman Empire, led by the ‘Young Turks’
The genocide involved the systematic killing and deportation of Armenians.
22
Q
Approximately how many Armenians were killed during the Armenian genocide?
A
Approximately 1.5 million
The killings occurred through methods such as deportations, starvation, and executions.
23
Q
Which historical figure referred to the Armenian genocide as a precedent for the Holocaust?
A
Adolf Hitler
This reference highlights the implications of genocide and its historical context.
24
Q
What were the estimated casualties of World War I?
A
8-9 million soldiers and 6-13 million civilians
These figures illustrate the unprecedented scale of the conflict’s impact.
25
What significant event is marked by Armistice Day?
The end of World War I on November 11, 1918
## Footnote
It symbolizes the cessation of hostilities and honors the soldiers' sacrifices.
26
What was the global impact of the 1918 influenza epidemic?
Claimed 20 million lives
## Footnote
The pandemic was intensified by the return of soldiers from the war.
27
What does the term 'Lost Generation' refer to?
The psychological impact of World War I on its survivors
## Footnote
It reflects the trauma experienced by those who lived through the war.
28
What caused the famines in Ukraine during 1932-33?
Stalin's collectivization policies
## Footnote
These policies resulted in 7-10 million deaths.
29
What were the estimated casualties of World War II?
40-50 million, including 6 million Jews in the Holocaust
## Footnote
This figure represents one of the deadliest conflicts in human history.
30
What were the Japanese policies during World War II that caused deaths?
Forced labor programs and 'comfort women'
## Footnote
These policies led to significant suffering and loss of life.
31
What ethical concerns arose from Allied air warfare during World War II?
Firebombing of cities and nuclear attacks on Hiroshima and Nagasaki
## Footnote
These actions raised questions about the morality of warfare.
32
Who led the Khmer Rouge in Cambodia?
Pol Pot
## Footnote
The regime was responsible for mass atrocities and genocide from 1975 to 1979.
33
What was the death toll in Cambodia under the Khmer Rouge?
Estimated 1.6 to 1.8 million Cambodians
## Footnote
The regime aimed to 'purify' society through extreme measures.
34
What event took place in Rwanda in 1994?
Mass slaughter orchestrated by the Hutu government against the Tutsi minority
## Footnote
This genocide resulted in between 500,000 to 1 million deaths.
35
What conflicts highlighted the persistence of genocides post-World War II?
Bosnia conflict (1992-1995) and Sudan's Darfur crisis (2003-present)
## Footnote
These events underscored the ongoing challenges in preventing mass atrocities.
36
What did the global commitment of 'never again' after the Holocaust reveal?
Significant shortcomings in international responses to genocides
## Footnote
This reflects the need for better mechanisms to prevent and respond to atrocities.
37
What does the term 'Armenian Genocide' signify?
The systematic mass killing and deportation of Armenians by the Ottoman Empire
## Footnote
Considered the 20th century's first genocide, influencing discussions on genocide prevention.
38
What regime was responsible for mass atrocities in Cambodia between 1975-1979?
Khmer Rouge
## Footnote
This regime illustrates the consequences of extremist ideologies.
39
What was the Holodomor?
Famine-genocide in Soviet Ukraine from 1932 to 1933
## Footnote
It resulted from Stalin's agricultural policies and highlights the political use of famine.
40
What were 'comfort women' during World War II?
Women forced into sexual slavery by the Japanese Imperial Army
## Footnote
This issue sheds light on wartime sexual violence and ongoing efforts for acknowledgment.
41
What cities were subjected to atomic bombings in 1945?
Hiroshima and Nagasaki
## Footnote
These bombings marked the first and only use of nuclear weapons in warfare.
42
What does the genocide in Bosnia refer to?
Ethnic cleansing and mass killings during the Bosnian War (1992-1995)
## Footnote
It particularly targeted Bosniaks and highlights post-Cold War challenges.
43
What is the International Criminal Court (ICC)?
A permanent international court to prosecute individuals for genocide and war crimes
## Footnote
It represents a key institution in the global effort to hold individuals accountable.
44
What was the Nanking Massacre?
Mass atrocities committed by Japanese forces against Chinese civilians during the Second Sino-Japanese War
## Footnote
It illustrates the brutality of war and the challenges of achieving justice.
45
What does Armistice Day commemorate?
The armistice signed between the Allies and Germany on November 11, 1918
## Footnote
It honors the cessation of hostilities on the Western Front.
46
What event is often cited as the immediate cause of World War I?
The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria.
47
True or False: The Treaty of Versailles ended World War I.
True.
48
Fill in the blank: The League of Nations was established after ________.
World War I.
49
Which major global economic event occurred in 1929?
The Great Depression.
50
What was the primary goal of the Bolshevik Revolution in 1917?
To overthrow the provisional government and establish a communist state.
51
Multiple Choice: Which country was NOT part of the Axis powers in World War II?
A) Germany
B) Italy
C) Soviet Union
D) Japan
C) Soviet Union.
52
Who was the leader of the Soviet Union during World War II?
Joseph Stalin.
53
What was the significance of the Munich Agreement of 1938?
It allowed Nazi Germany to annex parts of Czechoslovakia in exchange for not expanding further.
54
True or False: The United States entered World War II after the bombing of Pearl Harbor.
True.
55
Fill in the blank: The ________ Plan was a U.S. initiative to aid Western Europe economically after World War II.
Marshall.
56
What was the main outcome of the Yalta Conference in 1945?
The division of post-war Europe into spheres of influence.
57
Multiple Choice: Which battle is considered a turning point in the Pacific Theater during World War II?
A) Battle of Midway
B) Battle of Britain
C) Battle of the Bulge
D) Battle of Stalingrad
A) Battle of Midway.
58
Who was the British Prime Minister known for his policy of appeasement towards Hitler?
Neville Chamberlain.
59
What did the term 'Totalitarianism' refer to in the context of the interwar period?
A political system where the state seeks to control all aspects of public and private life.
60
True or False: The Nuremberg Laws were laws that stripped Jews of their rights in Nazi Germany.
True.
61
Fill in the blank: The ________ was a significant military operation in which Allied forces landed in Normandy on June 6, 1944.
D-Day.
62
What was the main purpose of the United Nations when it was founded in 1945?
To promote international cooperation and prevent future conflicts.
63
Multiple Choice: Which ideology was primarily associated with the Soviet Union during the Cold War? A) Capitalism
B) Communism
C) Fascism
D) Liberalism
B) Communism.
64
Who was the U.S. President at the end of World War II?
Harry S. Truman.
65
What was the primary cause of the Chinese Civil War?
Disputes between the Nationalists and the Communists over control of China.
66
True or False: The Atomic Bomb was first used in warfare during World War II.
True.
67
Fill in the blank: The ________ was the international military tribunal held to prosecute Nazi war criminals after World War II.
Nuremberg Trials.
68
What event marked the beginning of the Cold War?
The ideological conflict between the United States and the Soviet Union after World War II.
69
Multiple Choice: Which of the following was a consequence of World War II?
A) The establishment of NATO
B) The end of colonialism
C) The rise of fascism
D) The spread of communism
A) The establishment of NATO.
70
Who was the leader of the Nationalist forces in the Chinese Civil War?
Chiang Kai-shek.
71
What was the significance of the Berlin Airlift (1948-1949)?
It was a response to the Soviet blockade of West Berlin, demonstrating U.S. commitment to containing communism.
72
True or False: The Marshall Plan was successful in preventing the spread of communism in Western Europe.
True.
73
Fill in the blank: The ________ was a military alliance formed by the Soviet Union and its Eastern European allies in 1955.
Warsaw Pact.
74
What was the primary goal of the policy of containment?
To prevent the spread of communism beyond its existing borders.
75
Multiple Choice: Which event is considered the first major conflict of the Cold War?
A) Korean War
B) Vietnam War
C) Cuban Missile Crisis
D) Berlin Wall construction
A) Korean War.
76
What year did World War I begin?
1914
77
True or False: The Great Depression started in 1929.
True
78
Fill in the blank: The United Nations was established in _____ after World War II.
1945
79
Which year marks the end of World War II?
1945
80
What significant event occurred in 1963 in the United States?
The assassination of President John F. Kennedy
81
What tactic involves the rapid movement of troops and equipment to achieve surprise and fast victories?
Blitzkrieg
82
True or False: The tactic of attrition aimed to wear down the enemy forces through continuous losses.
True
83
Fill in the blank: The tactic of __________ involved using deception and misinformation to mislead the enemy.
Psychological Warfare
84
What was the primary goal of the D-Day invasion in 1944?
To establish a foothold in Europe and begin the liberation of Nazi-occupied territories.
85
Which tactic involved strategic bombing campaigns to destroy industrial and civilian targets?
Aerial Bombardment
86
Who was the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom during most of World War II?
Winston Churchill
87
Fill in the blank: The leader of Nazi Germany during World War II was _____ .
Adolf Hitler
88
True or False: Franklin D. Roosevelt was the President of the United States during World War II.
True
89
Which general was the Supreme Commander of the Allied Expeditionary Forces in Europe?
Dwight D. Eisenhower
90
Multiple Choice: Who was the leader of the Soviet Union during World War II?
A) Joseph Stalin
B) Leon Trotsky
C) Nikita Khrushchev
A) Joseph Stalin
91
What was the role of General Douglas MacArthur in the Pacific Theater?
He was the Supreme Commander of Allied Forces in the Southwest Pacific.
92
Fill in the blank: The Italian dictator during World War II was _____ .
Benito Mussolini
93
True or False: General George Patton was known for his leadership in the North African and European campaigns.
True
94
Who was the only woman to officially serve in the U.S. military during World War II, becoming a prominent figure in the WAVES?
Admiral Michelle Howard
95
Multiple Choice: Which of the following leaders was NOT part of the Axis Powers?
A) Adolf Hitler
B) Winston Churchill
C) Benito Mussolini
B) Winston Churchill
96
What does SAQ stand for in the context of AP World History?
SAQ stands for Short Answer Question.
97
True or False: SAQ questions typically require students to provide a thesis statement.
False.
98
Fill in the blank: SAQ questions in AP World History often focus on ________ and ________ of historical events.
causes; effects.
99
What is a key strategy for effectively answering SAQ questions?
Use specific evidence to support your claims.
100
Describe one major theme explored in Unit Seven of AP World History.
One major theme is the impact of industrialization on global economic systems.
