UNIT 7: KARYOTYPING

Question 1

Types of banding

Reveals polymorphisms on chromosomes
3, 4, 13, 14, 15, 21, 22, Y

Answer 1

Q-banding

Question 2

Types of banding

Permanent stain; For simple photography

Answer 2

G-banding

Giemsa & Wright

Question 3

Types of banding

Visualization of ends of chromosomes and positive R-bands

Answer 3

R-banding

Question 4

Types of banding

ID of inactive, late-replicating X chromosome

Answer 4

Replication banding

Question 5

Types of banding

Types of replication banding (2)

Answer 5

Hoescht
Hoescht and Giemsa

Question 6

Types of banding

Types of R-banding (2)

Answer 6

Giemsa (RHG)
CH3/DA

Question 7

Types of banding

ID of all centromeric and distal Y heterochromatin

Answer 7

C-banding

Question 8

Types of banding

Reveals polymorphisms including heterochromatin inversions

Answer 8

C-banding

Question 9

Types of banding

Evaluation of ring and dicentric chromosomes

Answer 9

C-banding

Question 10

Types of banding

ID of active NOR

Answer 10

NOR banding

Question 11

Types of banding

Reveals polymorphisms and rearrangements of acrocentric chromosomes

Answer 11

NOR banding

Question 12

Types of banding

ID of centromeric heterochromatin regions of 1, 9, 15, 16, and Y

Answer 12

DA-DAPI staining

Question 13

Types of banding

Uses fluorescence microscope (4)

Answer 13

Q-banding
R-banding (CH3/DA)
Replication banding (Hoescht)
DA-DAPI staining

Question 14

Types of banding

Stains the entire long arm of Y chromsome

Answer 14

C-banding

Question 15

Types of banding

Results from heat treatment in a phosphate buffer

Answer 15

R-banding

Question 16

Types of banding

Denaturation with barium hydroxide

Results from alkali treatment

Answer 16

C-banding

Question 17

Types of banding

Not used in plants

Answer 17

G-banding

Question 18

Types of banding

Superior banding pattern for plants

Answer 18

NOR banding

Question 19

Types of banding

Washed with sodium citrate for denaturing

Answer 19

C-banding

Question 20

Types of banding

Identification of chromosomes particularly in insects and plants

Answer 20

C-banding

Question 21

Types of banding

Identification of bivalents at diakenesis

Answer 21

C-banding

Question 22

Types of banding

Used in paternity testing

Answer 22

C-banding

Question 23

Information that can be identified in a Karyotype (4)

Answer 23

Size of chromosomes
Position of centromere
Presence of secondary constrictions
Size of satellites

Question 24

The study of whole sets of chromosomes

Answer 24

Karyology

Question 25

PHA is also called?

Answer 25

Lectin

Question 26

**Mitogen** that stimulates mitosis

Answer 26

Phytohemagglutinin

Question 27

Lysing agent that eliminates RBCs and swells lymphocytes

Answer 27

Potassium Chloride (KCl)

Question 28

**Short** exposure with **high** concentration of colcemid increases or decreases the total yield of metaphase chromosomes?

Answer 28

Decreases

Question 29

**Basic amino acids** digested by Trypsin

Answer 29

Arg and Lys

Question 30

The **first attempt** to provide nomenclature for chromosome banding in any species

Answer 30

Paris report (1971)

Question 31

The first band that ushered a new erra of chromosome banding

Answer 31

Q-banding

Question 32

# T/F In Q-banding, **AT-rich regions** quenches the dye but not the fluorescence

Answer 32

False | GC-rich regions

Question 33

# Types of banding Used in study of **chromosome heteromorphism**

Answer 33

Q-banding

Question 34

Absorbs the light of a particular wavelength due to a chemical bond formed between dye and light

Answer 34

Chromophore

Question 35

Proportion of metacentric, acrocentric chromosomes in a set

Answer 35

Degree of asymmetry

Question 36

The process of pairing and ordering all the chromosomes of an organism, thus providing a **genome-wide snapshot** of an individual's chromosomes

Answer 36

Karyotyping

Question 37

# Karyotyping Serve as **nutrients** of the cells to maintain viability (3)

Answer 37

Cell culture medium Fetal bovine serum (BFS) Supplemented penicillin-streptomycin antibiotics

Question 38

Prevents **microbial contamination** in RPMI medium

Answer 38

Supplemented penicillin-streptomycin antibiotics

Question 39

Cells with **high** proliferative index are treated with

Answer 39

**Short** exposure **High concentration** of colcemid

Question 40

Cells with **low** proliferative index are treated with

Answer 40

**Long/Overnight** exposure **Low concentration** of colcemid

Question 41

Cell pellets are resuspended in warm ____ ____ after centrifugation

Answer 41

Hypotonic solution | KCl or Sodium citrate

Question 42

Used for enrichment of **long (prometaphase) chromosomes** (3)

Answer 42

Actinomycin D Ethidium bromide Bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU)

Question 43

Cells are arrested at what phase during when treated with excess amount of **BrdU** overnight

Answer 43

S phase

Question 44

Ratio of **methanol:glacial acetic acid**

Answer 44

3:1

Question 45

**Albumin overlay** for the cells in cell culture

Answer 45

Fetal Bovine Serum