unit 7 overall study notes Flashcards
(37 cards)
Who was the first president of the United States?
George Washington
Washington was elected with 69 votes.
Who served as vice president under George Washington?
John Adams
Adams received 34 votes.
When was George Washington’s inauguration?
April 30, 1789
What financial issue was America facing at the start of Washington’s presidency?
National debt was growing out of control
Who was Washington’s Secretary of the Treasury?
Alexander Hamilton
What did Hamilton propose to address America’s national debt?
A plan to repay the debt owed to the states and other nations
What was a key criticism of Hamilton’s financial plan?
It favored speculators at the expense of average Americans
What compromise was made regarding the location of the new capital?
Washington, D.C. would be located in the South
What economic philosophy did Hamilton advocate?
A strong central government run by a wealthy elite
What economic philosophy did Jefferson advocate?
A decentralized government with farming at the center of power
What measures did Hamilton convince Washington to take to strengthen the economy?
- Creation of a national bank
- Federal government assumed war debts of the states
- Tariff on imported goods
- National taxes
What rebellion did Washington face during his presidency?
The Whiskey Rebellion
What was the main issue that led to the Whiskey Rebellion?
A tax on whiskey
How did Washington respond to the Whiskey Rebellion?
He led 13,000 soldiers to put down the rebellion
What precedent did the Whiskey Rebellion set?
Limits of political protest and need for constitutional means of change
What foreign threats did Washington work to address in the Northwest Territory?
Britain, Spain, and various Native American groups
What was Washington’s stance on the French Revolution?
He declared America neutral
What was Jay’s Treaty?
A treaty that ended British attacks on American ships
What did Washington warn against in his farewell address?
Political factions and permanent alliances
Which two political parties emerged during Washington’s presidency?
- Federalists
- Democratic-Republicans
What did the Federalists, led by Hamilton, advocate for?
A very strong federal government
Who won the election of 1796?
John Adams
What incident brought the U.S. close to war with France during Adams’ presidency?
The XYZ Affair
What did the Alien Act allow the president to do?
Deport aliens considered dangerous
