Unit 7b Vocab

Question 1

Versailles treaty

Answer 1

The treaty ending World War I and creating the league of Nations

Question 2

Red scare

Answer 2

Post World War I public anti-communist hysteria over bolshevik influence

Question 3

Open shop

Answer 3

Factory or business employing nonunion members

Question 4

Volestead act

Answer 4

The 1920 law enforcing the prohibition (18th) amendment

Question 5

immigration act

Answer 5

1921 act setting a maximum of 357,000 new immigrants each year

Question 6

League of Women Voters

Answer 6

A civic organization dedicated to keeping voters informed about candidates and issues

Question 7

Great depression

Answer 7

The nation’s worst economic crisis, extending through the 1930s, producing unprecedented bank failures, unemployment, and industrial and agricultural collapse

Question 8

Bonus army

Answer 8

Unemployed veterans of World War I gathering in Washington in 1932 demanding payment of service bonuses not due until 1945

Question 9

New deal

Answer 9

The economic and political policies of the Roosevelt administration in the 1930s

Question 10

Fireside chat

Answer 10

Speeches broadcast nationally over the radio in which President Franklin D Roosevelt explained complex issues and programs in plain language, as though his listeners were gathered around the fireside with him

Question 11

Emergency banking act

Answer 11

Authorized the government to examine the finances of banks closed during the bank holiday and reopen those judged to be sound

Question 12

Tennessee Valley Authority

Answer 12

Federal regional planning agency established to promote conservation, produce electric power, and encourage economic development and seven Southern states

Question 13

National industrial recovery act

Answer 13

1933 act that was meant to be a systematic plan for economic recovery

Question 14

Social security act of 1935

Answer 14

Created a federal insurance program based upon the automatic collection of payments from employees and employers throughout People’s working careers

Question 15

National Labor Relations (Wagner) Act

Answer 15

Act establishing federal guarantee of the right to join a union and a unions’s right to bargain collectively

Question 16

Congress of industrial organizations

Answer 16

An alliance of industrial unions that spurred the 1930s organizational drive among the mass production industries

Question 17

New deal coalition

Answer 17

Coalition that included traditional minded white southern Democrats, big city political machines, industrial workers of all races, trade unionist, and many depression hit farmers

Question 18

Dust bowl

Answer 18

Parched earth swept up in violent dust storms that struck the Great Plains

Question 19

Court packing (judicial reorganization bill)

Answer 19

To “reform” the Supreme Court by appointing an additional justice to every justice over age of 70, based on the fact that they were allies with FDR

Question 20

Fair labor standards act

Answer 20

Establish several regulations on businesses in interstate commerce:

• minimum wage
• max standard workweek of 40 hours
• child labor restrictions

Question 21

Blitzkrieg

Answer 21

German war tactic in World War II (“lightning war”), involving the concentration of air and armored firepower to punch and exploit holes in opposing defensive lines

Question 22

Neutrality act of 1939

Answer 22

Permitted the sale of arms to Britain, France, and China

Question 23

Axis powers

Answer 23

Germany, Italy, Japan in WWII

Question 24

Lend lease act

Answer 24

Allowed Britain to obtain all the US arms it needed on credit

Question 25

Atlantic Charter

Answer 25

The document that affirmed the general principles for a sound peace after the war would include self-determination, no territorial expansion, and free-trade

Question 26

War Powers act

Answer 26

Act that gave the US president the power to re-organize the federal government and create new agencies; to establish program censoring news, information, and abridging civil liberties; to seize foreign owned property; an award government contracts without bidding

Question 27

Operation torch

Answer 27

The Allied invasion of axis-held north Africa in 1942

Question 28

Operation overlord

Answer 28

United States and British invasion of France in June 1944 during World War II

Question 29

D-Day

Answer 29

June 6, 1944, the date of the first paratroop drops and amphibious landings on the coast of Normandy, France, in the first stage of operation overlord during World War II

Question 30

Battle of the Bulge

Answer 30

German offensive that penetrated deep into Belgium

Question 31

Eastern front

Answer 31

The area of military operations in World War II located east of Germany in Eastern Europe in the Soviet Union

Question 32

Island hopping

Answer 32

The pacific campaigns of 1944 that were the American naval versions of the blitzkrieg

Question 33

Holocaust

Answer 33

The systematic murder of millions of European Jews and others deemed undesirable by Nazi Germany

Question 34

Yalta conference

Answer 34

Meeting of FDR, Winston Churchhill, Joseph Stalin held in February 1945 to plan the final stages of World War II and postwar arrangements

Question 35

Irreconcilables

Answer 35

Group of US senators adamantly opposed to ratification of the Treaty of Versailles after World War I