Unit 8 Flashcards
(23 cards)
Detention facilities
handle individuals who have been arrested and are going through processing or awaiting trial. They typically do not house individuals who have already been convicted. In other words, when someone first enters the system by an arrest, the person will be held at a detention facility.
Correctional facilities
the prisons where convicted offenders serve out their sentences. You may be more familiar with correctional facilities as county jails or federal prisons. County jails tend to hold prisoners convicted of misdemeanors who are serving sentences of a year or less.
Jails
facilities that hold individuals for up to one year and are administered by local officials.
Prisons
facilities that hold those who are serving sentences of over one year. Prisons are usually under state or federal control. Because prisons are larger and have more inmates, their budgets also tend to be larger than budgets for jails.
Prison hulks
decommissioned ships that were used to hold offenders.
Penitentiary
a site of confinement and corrections for offenders. Penitentiaries came to be known by this name because it was believed that the offenders were doing penitence for their criminal acts.
Reformatories
institutions designed to reform offenders through things like vocational training and education.
Deprivation model
suggests that the prison subculture develops to help prisoners adjust to life behind bars.
Prisonization
The process of learning the prison society and its expectations and rules.
Inmate code
informal rules and norms that reflect the values of the prison society.
Prison argot
a unique vocabulary that is used by them when they are in the system.
Hustling
obtaining goods that are unavailable through legitimate prison means. (Prisoners can obtain goods like cigarettes, drugs, and food through these means.)
Parole
the conditional release of an offender after they have served some of their time.
Parole board
makes the decision about whether to release a prisoner, and it is typically made up of respected citizens, often appointed by the governor. The parole board hears the case to release a prisoner at a parole hearing.
Parole hearing
At this hearing, the board reviews the offender’s case, psychiatrists’ reports about whether they feel the individual should be released, and other information.
Revocation of parole
the return of a person on parole to prison for not meeting the conditions of parole or for committing another crime.
Parole officer
supervises the person released from prison. Parole officers also try to help offenders reintegrate into society. Parole officers typically have a degree in a relevant field, and they are employed by the state government.
Probation
the release of an offender into the community under the supervision of someone else and on the condition that the offender follow certain rules such as not committing any more crimes and holding down a job.
Probation officers
monitor offenders in the community. At the same time, they try to help offenders find and keep jobs, offer educational or vocation information, and give the offender support about various aspects of their life.
Restitution
compensation (often money) that the offender gives to the victim for losses or harm due to the crime.
House arrest
a sentence where offenders are confined to their own homes for the length of the sentence.
Electronic monitoring
used to determine if the individual is staying in the proper place.
Community service
when the sentencing judge requires the offender to perform duties in the community.
