Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

A & P > Unit 8 > Flashcards

Unit 8 Flashcards

1
Q

Name the 2 Classifications of Joints

A

Structural & functional

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Name 3 types of joints that bind joints based on material

A

Structural ; Fibrous , Cartilaginous, Synovial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Name 3 types of Functional Joints

A

Synarthroses , Amphiarthroses, Diarthroses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Synarthroses are …

A

Immovable joints

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Amphiarthroses are …

A

Slightly movable joints

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Diarthroses are ..

A

freely movable joints

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Fibrous joints are joined by ?

A

Dense fibrous tsx. w/ no joint cavity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Name 3 types of fibrous joints

A

Sutures, Syndesmoses, Gomphoses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Sutures are only found where ?

A

Skull

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Sutures are

A

interconnected fibers that hold bone edges together

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Syndesmoses are connected by ?

A

ligaments & varies in fiber length

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

the best example of gomphoses are ?

A

teeth in alveolar sockets

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Cartilaginous Joints unite bones by ?

A

Cartilage w/ no joint cavity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the 2 types of cartilage joints ?

A

Synchondroses & Sympheses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Synchondroses are ..

A

plate of hyaline cartilage that unites bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

An example of Synchondroses is the

A

epiphyseal plate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Which cartilage unites sympheses joints ?

A

fibrocartilage with amphiarthrotic joints

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Give 2 examples of sympheses joints ?

A

Intervertebral joints & pubic symphysis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Synovial joints are separated by ?

A

Fluid filled joint activity that are diarthrotic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Name the 6 features of synovial joints

A

Articular cartilage, synovial cavity, articulate capsule, synovial fluid, reinforcing ligaments, verve’s & blood vessels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is articular cartilage ?

A

hyaline cartilage that covers ends of bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is synovial cavity ?

A

fluid filled space in synovial joints

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is the articular capsule ?

A

It’s 2 layers thick : external fibrous layer ( dense irregular ) & synovial membrane (loose connective )

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What is synovial fluid ?

A

plasma & hyaluronic acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

what is the function of synovial fluid ?

A

lubricates & nourishes articular cartilage ; contains phagocytes that eat up cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Define & Identify the 3 types of reinforcing ligaments .

A

Capsular : thickened part of fibrous layer
Extracapsular : outside the capsule
Intracapsular : deep to capsule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What is bursa/ bursae?

A

fluid filled sac that decrease friction near ligament

28
Q

Tendon sheaths

A

fluid filled sac that wraps around a TENDON

29
Q

Name the 3 factors that determine stability of joints .

A

Articular surfaces , ligaments , & muscle tone

30
Q

Muscles attach to bones at ?

A

Origin ( immovable ) and Insertion ( movable)

31
Q

What are the 3 general types of movements by synovial joints ?

A

Gliding , Angular movements, rotation

32
Q

Gliding movements are ? ( Name examples)

A

Sliding movements ( intercarpal/tarsal joints )

33
Q

Angular movements decrease / increase angles between bones . Identify the 3 types .

A

Flexion : decrease angle of joint
Extension : increase angle of joint
Hyperextension : move,ent beyond anatomical position

34
Q

Angular movements also include :

A

Abduction ( away from midline)
Adduction (toward midline)

35
Q

Rotation is the

A

Turning of the bone on its axis

36
Q

Supination & pronation is rotation of radius and ulna . Which way do palms face .?

A

Supination : radius and ulna are parallel
Pronation : radius rotates over ulna

37
Q

What is inversion ? Enversion?

A

Inversion = sole comes in medially
Enversion is sole face out laterally

38
Q

Name the 6 synovial joints .

A

Plane , Hinge , Pivot, Condylar, Saddle, Ball & Socket

39
Q

Plane joint is shaped …

A

flat, to slide over each other

40
Q

Hinge joint is shaped ..

A

like a hinge on a door , letting movement in one plane

41
Q

Pivot joint …

A

always rotation on an axis

42
Q

Condylar joint is shaped …

A

like an egg / oval on ur wrist

43
Q

Ball & socket joint is shaped ..

A

that allows multi axial movement

44
Q

Saddle joint is shaped …

A

Concave and convex

45
Q

Cartilage tears are due to

A

compression and shear stress

46
Q

Cartilage tears are repaired w /

A

ARTHROSCOPIC SURGERY

47
Q

What is the Unhappy Triad ?

A

Ruptured ACL, Ruptured Tibial Collateral Ligament, Torn Meniscus

48
Q

Which injuries are common in runners ?

A

Injuries affecting ACL

49
Q

Sprains are ..

A

stretched / torn ligaments that repair very slowly ( is partial tear)

50
Q

separation of two bones where they meet at a joint ?

A

Dislocation

51
Q

Why are shoulder dislocation common injuries ?

A

They are weak structures anteriorly and posteriorly so they dislocate easily

52
Q

Inflammation of bursa ? Caused by ?

A

Bursitis caused by blow

53
Q

How is bursitis treated ?

A

Rest , Ice, anti-inflammatory

54
Q

Inflammation of tendon sheaths ?

A

Tendontities

55
Q

Inflammatory/Degenerative diseases that damage joints ?

A

Arthritis

56
Q

Acute forms of arthritis are caused by ? treated with ?

A

bacteria ; antibiotics

57
Q

Chronic forms of arthritis are ?

A

Osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, gouty arthritis

58
Q

Osteoarthritis is .. (list 3 things)

A
  • irreversible & degenerative
  • joints stiff & crunchy ( crepitus)
    -affects more women then men
59
Q

Treatment of osteoarthritis

A

-joint replacement
- mild pain reliever
- moderate activity

60
Q

Rheumatoid arthritis symptoms are ?

A

joint pain and swelling, anemia, osteoporosis, muscle weakness

61
Q

Why is osteoarthritis & rheumatoid arthritis different ?

A

RA is autoimmune , inflammatory, & chronic & affects all body systems

62
Q

Describe RA steps .

A

Inflamed synovial membrane > thicken abnormal paninis > pannus erodes cartilage & connects to articular bone ends

63
Q

Describe RA treatment

A
  • nonsteroidal drugs to decrease pain
    -steroidal anti-inflammatory to interfere w destruction of joints
    -can replace joints w prosthesis
64
Q

Gouty arthritis affects which gender ?

A

Men

65
Q

Deposition of acid crystals in joints & tissues ; and inflammation

A

Gouty Arthritis

66
Q

Treatment of GA includes :

A

No alcohol , kidneys, sardines, liver

A & P (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions