Unit 8

Question 1

an endocrine disruptor

Answer 1

block the receptor protein binding site of a hormone

Question 2

which could not diminish the side effects of eutrophication

Answer 2

adding nitrates

Question 3

bioaccumulation is

Answer 3

the absorption of a substance at a rate greater than the rate of elimination

Question 4

pullutants retained in tissues pose a risk to organisms high on the food chain because of

Answer 4

biomagnification

Question 5

chemicals, such as PCB’s, which act as estrogen mimics, would have the greatest effect on

Answer 5

2nd consumers

Question 6

why would releasing warm water into a lake in the winter cause a massive fish kill?

Answer 6

the increased metabolic rate cant be supported by the limited resources

Question 7

which is not a toxic metal pollutant

Answer 7

potassium

Question 8

the dangers of disposing toxic chemicals underground came to public attention in

Answer 8

love canal

Question 9

a river near a dense human population is likely to have a high

Answer 9

frequency of phytoplankton blooms that decompose

Question 10

although the use of DDT was banned in 1972, DDT is likely found in american citizens because

Answer 10

other countries that export produce to the US still use DDT

Question 11

alligators in a florida lake polluted by high levels of dioxins (chlorinated hydrocarbons) had low testosterone levels and failed to reproduce, indicating that the dioxins acted as

Answer 11

endocrine disruptors

Question 12

When nutrients are added to an aquatic environment, the biological oxygen demand ____ due to _____

Answer 12

increases, decomposition

Question 13

endocrine disruptors directly affect which of the following in an organism

Answer 13

hormones

Question 14

which aquatic organisms are able to tolerate low pH levels?

Answer 14

filamentous algae

Question 15

what mandates the restoration and maintenance of the chemical, physical, and biological integrity of the nations rivers and lakes

Answer 15

clean water act

Question 16

which law establishes cradle-to-grave tracking of hazardous waste?

Answer 16

resource conservation and recovery act

Question 17

which of the following is the best example of environmental remediation?

Answer 17

PCB consuming bacteria are sprayed on an area that has soil contaminated with PCBs

Question 18

eutrophication results in the death of trout and other fish as a result of ______ leves

Answer 18

oxygen

Question 19

if you compared lake water sample results in the early morning to late afternoon, the water sampled later in the day will probably _____ and therefore have _____ dissolved oxygen

Answer 19

be warmer, lower

Question 20

the health risk to humans who eat fish such as swordfish and tuna affects the _____ system

Answer 20

nervous

Question 21

which is the best example of a point source of water pollution

Answer 21

factory effluent

Question 22

which includes both a point and nonpoint source of pollution

Answer 22

fertilizer from suburban lawns and wastewater from a water treatment plant

Question 23

which is a way to eliminate one of the greatest threats to the worlds mangroves

Answer 23

integrate ecologically sound shrimp aquacultural practices with mangrove management

Question 24

which best describes a way that persistent organic pollutants cause harm

Answer 24

accumulating in fatty tissue

Question 25

studies indicate that amphibian populations are declining from exposure to herbicides which

Answer 25

act as endocrine disruptors

Question 26

which is the most likely route for mercury to enter the food web

Answer 26

coal-burning emmissions

Question 27

when nitrates and phosphates flow into a body of water, the likely result is

Answer 27

eutrophication

Question 28

the use of nitrogen based fertilizers in the midwestern US is a major contributing factor to

Answer 28

hypoxia in the gulf of mexico

Question 29

which is not a method that is currently employed in the cleanup of oil spills

Answer 29

genetically engineered plants

Question 30

lakes that are characterized by high water clarity and low dissolved nutrients are classified as

Answer 30

oligotrophic

Question 31

which is not a threat to coral reef survival

Answer 31

increasing sea level rise

Question 32

a measure of the amount of suspended material in water is

Answer 32

turbidity

Question 33

which is a point source pollutant that would effect the ecosystem health of coral reef

Answer 33

oil from a shipwrecked tanker

Question 34

the water from a nuclear power plant which is released into a resevoir

Answer 34

reduces oxygen levels because of its temperature

Question 35

humans are exposed to dioxins directly from

Answer 35

bioaccumulation in animals

Question 36

which is not an ecosystem service provided by mangroves

Answer 36

wood for construction

Question 37

destruction of wetlands surrounding a river most likely

Answer 37

increased flooding frequency

Question 38

creating a new wetland to compensate for another that was subjected to development is

Answer 38

remediation

Question 39

which component of wastewater treatment enables decomposition of organic matter

Answer 39

chlorination tank

Question 40

increases in world air travel have caused an increase in

Answer 40

spread of infectious diseases

Question 41

incineration of which waste would reduce the landfill volume occupied and also produce energy while producing minimal air pollutants

Answer 41

wood

Question 42

about 60 percent of solid waste is organic and every person generates about 2kg of waste daily. how much compostable waste could be generated by one individual in one week

Answer 42

8.4 kg

Question 43

the bacteria species shown is equally likely to contaminate products which could reduce the chance of

Answer 43

salmonella

Question 44

drinking water standards allow bacteria in water at dosages up to 10% of. considering this, which statement would be best supported by the data in the graph

Answer 44

new bacterium as the lowest allowable dose

Question 45

which would result in the largest reduction in volume of municipal solid waste disposal of in landfills

Answer 45

composting programs for yard trimmings and food waste

Question 46

which federal law deals with the cleanup of abandoned hazardous waste sites

Answer 46

CERCLA superfund act

Question 47

tipping fees for landfills

Answer 47

help pay for incineration costs

Question 48

which item should go into a landfill rather than a recycling bin

Answer 48

window glass

Question 49

modern sanitary landfills are designed to have all except

Answer 49

rain water drainage to watershed

Question 50

which is caused by breathing in a material that was used for fireproofing buildings

Answer 50

mesothalioma

Question 51

which is caused by inadequate water sanitation

Answer 51

cholera

Question 52

all of the following are considered hazardous waste except

Answer 52

tires

Question 53

which process results in the biological breakdown of organic matter in sewage

Answer 53

secondary treatment/sludge

Question 53

large objects such as sticks and rocks are screened out and removed during this process

Answer 53

primary streatment

Question 54

this process uses chlorine, UV radiation or ozone as a part of the disinfection of wastewater

Answer 54

tertiary treatment

Question 55

most plastics pose a special problem in the waste stream because they

Answer 55

decompose slowly, if at all, and persist as solid waste

Question 56

which contaminant in municipal sewage sludge would make it unfit for use as fertilizer

Answer 56

heavy metals

Question 57

the best argument against the incineration of trash is that

Answer 57

contributes to air pollution

Question 58

what is the primary method of waste disposal in the US

Answer 58

landfill

Question 59

if an LD50 dosage is given to a population of organisms, one would expect that

Answer 59

50% would die

Question 60

an advantage of recycling aluminum rather than disposing of it in landfills is that aluminum

Answer 60

that is recycled requires less energy

Question 60

tertiary sewage treatment

Answer 60

removes nutrients

Question 61

a result of nonrecyclable items being placed in recycling bins is

Answer 61

production is slowed and costs rise

Question 62

what is the most effective method of waste reduction

Answer 62

reduce

Question 62

this pathogen infects the respitory systems, typically the lungs, and can spread the air

Answer 62

tuberculosis