unit 8 and 7 test

Question 1

What event is considered the start of the Great Depression?

Answer 1

Stock Market Crash of 1929

Largely caused by speculators purchasing shares on margin with borrowed funds.

Question 2

What economic issue was caused by overproduction and underconsumption?

Answer 2

U.S. businesses and factories were making more products than the people could buy.

Question 3

What was a significant cause of the Great Depression related to income distribution?

Answer 3

Uneven distribution of income between the rich and poor.

Question 4

Who was the President of the U.S. at the start of the Great Depression?

Answer 4

Herbert Hoover

Question 5

What economic theory did Herbert Hoover support?

Answer 5

Trickle Down Economics, policies benefiting the wealthy and businesses will ultimately lead to benefits for the rest of the economy

Question 6

What did Hoover believe about federal relief programs?

Answer 6

He believed they would destroy individual initiative.

Question 7

What were Hoovervilles?

Answer 7

Poor communities named after President Hoover due to his refusal to provide direct federal aid.

Question 8

What was the Bonus Army?

Answer 8

WWI veterans marching on Washington demanding payment for their services.

Question 9

What was the primary goal of FDR’s New Deal?

Answer 9

To provide work for the unemployed.

Question 10

What was the Agricultural Adjustment Act designed to do?

Answer 10

Increase prices of farm products by reducing farm output.

Question 11

What did the Social Security Act of 1935 provide?

Answer 11

Support to elderly/retired citizens.

Question 12

What did the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) aim to restore?

Answer 12

Public confidence in banks.

Question 13

Fill in the blank: The National Labor Relations Act is also known as the _______.

Answer 13

Wagner Act

Question 14

What was one of the main criticisms of the New Deal by Republicans?

Answer 14

It spent more money than was taken in.

Question 15

What impact did the New Deal have on the power of the federal government?

Answer 15

It resulted in the expansion of the power of the Federal Government.

Question 16

What global event is believed to have ended the Great Depression?

Answer 16

U.S. involvement in WWII

Question 17

What was the primary objective of U.S. foreign policy in the 1930s?

Answer 17

To avoid involvement in Asian and European conflicts.

Question 18

What act signaled a shift from U.S. neutrality toward more direct involvement in WWII?

Answer 18

Lend-Lease Act, allowed the United States to provide vital war supplies to Allied nations

Question 19

What event brought the U.S. directly into World War II?

Answer 19

Bombing of Pearl Harbor

Question 20

What was D-Day and why was it significant?

Answer 20

A June 1944 invasion that opened a new Allied front in Europe.

Question 21

What was the GI Bill of 1944 designed to do?

Answer 21

Extend educational and housing opportunities to war veterans.

Question 22

What Supreme Court case upheld the internment of Japanese Americans during WWII?

Answer 22

Korematsu v. U.S.

Question 23

What was the Fair Deal proposed by President Harry Truman?

Answer 23

Continuation of reforms begun during FDR’s presidency.

Question 24

What principle was established by the Nuremberg Trials?

Answer 24

Leaders may be held accountable for crimes against humanity.

Question 25

What was the purpose of the Marshall Plan?

Answer 25

To provide economic aid for Europe's recovery after WWII.

Question 26

What significant social change occurred in the U.S. after WWII?

Answer 26

Suburbanization and the baby boom.

Question 27

What was the Iron Curtain?

Answer 27

Nickname for the boundary of Soviet domination in Europe during the Cold War.

Question 28

What was the purpose of NATO?

Answer 28

To protect Western Europe from the Soviet Union.

Question 29

What event is most closely associated with the end of the Cold War?

Answer 29

Fall of the Berlin Wall.

Question 30

Who led the 'witch hunt' for Communist spies in the U.S. government during the early 1950s?

Answer 30

Senator Joseph McCarthy.

Question 31

What is McCarthyism?

Answer 31

Fear of communist influence in the U.S.

Question 32

What event is most closely associated with the end of the Cold War?

Answer 32

Berlin Wall ## Footnote The Berlin Wall symbolized the division between East and West during the Cold War and its fall marked a significant turning point.

Question 33

What charges led to the McCarthy Era?

Answer 33

Charges that Communists had infiltrated the U.S. government.

Question 34

What does the term McCarthyism refer to?

Answer 34

Fear of communist influence in the U.S. and reckless accusations unsupported by evidence.

Question 35

What did opponents of McCarthy's Senate hearings argue?

Answer 35

These investigations violated the constitutional rights of many people.

Question 36

What was the House Un-American Activities Committee?

Answer 36

A committee that investigated alleged disloyalty and subversive activities.

Question 37

What was the outcome for many people due to false accusations of disloyalty during the McCarthy Era?

Answer 37

The reputations of many people were ruined.

Question 38

What significant event reflected post-WWII concerns over spying by communists in the U.S.?

Answer 38

Execution of Julius and Ethel Rosenberg.

Question 39

What was the Korean War?

Answer 39

A civil war between Communist North Korea and South Korea, supported by the U.S. and United Nations.

Question 40

Why did the U.S. intervene in the Korean War?

Answer 40

Due to its policy of containment to stop the spread of communism.

Question 41

What marked the first time that the United Nations used military force to oppose aggression?

Answer 41

Korean War.

Question 42

Why was General Douglas MacArthur relieved of his command during the Korean War?

Answer 42

He threatened the constitutional principle of civilian control of the military.

Question 43

What was a major outcome of the Korean War?

Answer 43

Korea continued to be a divided nation.

Question 44

What was the Vietnam War?

Answer 44

A civil war between Communist North Vietnam and U.S.-backed South Vietnam.

Question 45

What theory justified U.S. involvement in the Vietnam War?

Answer 45

Domino Theory. - the idea that if one country falls to communism everyone will

Question 46

What caused significant protests against the Vietnam War in the U.S.?

Answer 46

The belief that the war was unjust.

Question 47

What did the ratification of the 26th amendment result from?

Answer 47

The participation of 18-year-olds in the Vietnam War.

Question 48

What did the War Powers Act of 1973 limit?

Answer 48

The president's ability to send troops into combat abroad.

Question 49

What did the U.S. question after the Vietnam War?

Answer 49

Its role as a police officer of the world.

Question 50

What did President Dwight D. Eisenhower's doctrine in 1957 aim to counter?

Answer 50

The influence of the Soviet Union in the Middle East.

Question 51

What significant action did Eisenhower take in Little Rock, Arkansas, in 1957?

Answer 51

Sent federal troops to enforce desegregation of public schools.

Question 52

What did Eisenhower warn of in his farewell message?

Answer 52

The growth of the 'military-industrial complex.'

Question 53

What program did President John F. Kennedy establish to support developing nations?

Answer 53

Peace Corps.

Question 54

What was the Bay of Pigs Invasion?

Answer 54

An unsuccessful effort to remove Fidel Castro from power in Cuba.

Question 55

What was the Cuban Missile Crisis?

Answer 55

A confrontation over Soviet nuclear weapons in Cuba.

Question 56

What program did Kennedy initiate to expand the U.S. space program?

Answer 56

New Frontier.

Question 57

What was the Civil Rights Movement?

Answer 57

A movement to end segregation based on race during the 1960s.

Question 58

What is civil disobedience?

Answer 58

Nonviolent attempts to oppose segregation.

Question 59

Who broke the color barrier in Major League Baseball?

Answer 59

Jackie Robinson.

Question 60

What did President Truman's executive order achieve?

Answer 60

Desegregated armed forces.

Question 61

What does NAACP stand for?

Answer 61

National Association for the Advancement of Colored People.

Question 62

What was the significance of Brown v. Board of Education?

Answer 62

Required integration of all public schools in the U.S.

Question 63

Who was Martin Luther King Jr.?

Answer 63

Leader of the civil rights movement during the 1960s.

Question 64

What did Martin Luther King Jr. advocate for?

Answer 64

Civil disobedience and nonviolent protest.

Question 65

Who was Malcolm X?

Answer 65

Civil rights leader advocating for black separatism.

Question 66

What act of civil disobedience did Rosa Parks perform?

Answer 66

Refused to give up her seat on a bus to a white man.