Unit 8 circulatory system Flashcards
(25 cards)
BASIC ELEMENTS OF A
CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
fluid Medium
Vasculature
Centralized Pump
humans fluid medium
blood
humans vasculature
Blood Vessels
humans centralized pump
heart
Evolution of The Heart
Trend towards increased separation of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood
Increased separation of blood facilitates increased activity, terrestrial lifestyle and homeothermic regulation
Pericardium
Covers and nourishes the heart muscle
Lubricates the heart and reduces friction with surrounding organs when the heart contracts
right side myocardium
thin
Blood only pumping to lungs or right ventricle
left side myocardium
thick
Blood pumped to systemic circulation and extremities
Right Atrium
Receives deoxygenated blood from body via vena cava
left atrium
Receives oxygenated blood from lungs via pulmonary vein/valve
right ventricle
Receives blood from right atrium
left ventricle
Receives blood from left atrium
Ventricular Septum
Separates right and left ventricles
Prevents mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood
Cardiac Valves
flaps in the heart that make sure blood flows in the right direction.
Tricuspid Valve
Separates right atrium from right ventricle
Bicuspid (Mitral) Valve
Separates left atrium from left ventricle
Chordae Tendineae
Tendons that open and shut the tricuspid and bicuspid valves
Semilunar Valves
heart valves that prevent blood from flowing backward into the heart after it leaves the ventricles.
coronary Circulation
flow of blood through the blood vessels that supply the heart muscle itself with oxygen and nutrients.
arteries
carry blood away from the heart.
arterioles
smaller branches of arteries.
capillaries
tiny vessels where oxygen and nutrients move into tissues.
venules
collect blood from capillaries.
veins
carry blood back to the heart.
