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Chemistry-100 > Unit (8) Oxygen Containing Organic Compounds > Flashcards

Unit (8) Oxygen Containing Organic Compounds Flashcards

1
Q

What is an alcohol?

A

An organic compound that contains the Hydroxl group (-OH) attached to the alkyl group

They are essentially Alkanes in which a single hydrogren has been replaced with an -OH group

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2
Q

What is the simplest alcohol commonly known as “wood alcohol”?

A

Methyl Alcohol-

CH3OH, methanol

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3
Q

What is one of the oldest known pure organic compounds?

A

Ethyl Alcohol,

CH3CH2OH, ethanol

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4
Q

What is known as “rubbing alcohol”?

A

Isopropyl Alcohol-

CH3CHOHCH3, 2-propanol

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5
Q

What are the three classifications of alcohol?

A

Primary, Secondary, and Tertiary

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6
Q

When does an alcohol undergo dehydration?

A

When they are heated in the presence of a strong acid catalyst. Reverse of hydration of alkenes

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7
Q

What is the oxidation of Alcohols?

A

Oxidation is a gain of oxygen and/or loss of hydrogens.

Primarys oxidize →aldehydes →carboxylic acid

Secondarys oxidize→ketones

Tertiary→DO NOT oxidize

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8
Q

What is a Phenol?

A

Has an -OH group bonded directly to a benzene ring

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9
Q

What compound is this?

A

2-methylphenol

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10
Q

What compound is this?

A

3-ethylphenol

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11
Q

What compound is this?

A

Thymol (mint)

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12
Q

What compound is this?

A

Carvacrol (Savory)

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13
Q

What compound is this?

A

Hexyresorcinol (antiseptic)

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14
Q

What compound is this?

A

Butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT, food preservative)

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15
Q

What compound is this?

A

2-phenylphenol (antiseptic)

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16
Q

What is an Ether?

A

Has an oxygen atom bound to two alkyl groups, each of which may be aliphatic or aromatic

-lack a continuous chain of carbons

17
Q

What is the general formula for Ethers?

A

R - O - R

18
Q

What is this compound?

A

Aldehyde-

at least one hydrogen atom is directly attached to the carbonyl carbon

19
Q

What is this compound?

A

Ketone-

only carbon atoms are directly attached to the carbonyl carbon (no hydrogens)

20
Q

What is this compound?

A

Formaldehyde

21
Q

What is this compound?

A

Acetaldehyde

22
Q

What is this compound?

A

Acetone

23
Q

Primary alcohols can oxidize to aldehydes and aldehydes may further oxidize to what?

A

Carboxylic Acid

24
Q

What classification of alcohol is this?

A

Primary

25
Q

What classification of alcohol is this?

A

Secondary

26
Q

What classification of alcohol is this?

A

Tertiary

27
Q

What are two important reactions of Alcohol?

A

Dehydration and Oxidation

28
Q

What reaction of alcohol is this?

A

Dehydration

29
Q

When do alcohols undergo dehydration?

A

When they are heated in the presence of a strong acid catalyst

The -OH and an -H are removed from adjacent carbon atoms to yield an alkene

30
Q

What reaction of alcohol is this?

A

Oxidation of alcohol

31
Q

What is oxidation?

A

The gain of oxygens and/or loss of hydrogens

32
Q

What organic compounds contain carbonyl groups?

A

Aldehydes and Ketones

In an aldehyde, at least one hydrogen atom is directly attached to the carbonyl carbon

In Ketones, only carbon atoms are directly attached to the carbonyl carbon-NO Hydrogens

33
Q

What is the COMMON name for this compound?

A

Formaldehyde

34
Q

What is the COMMON name for this compound?

A

Acetaldehyde

35
Q

What is the COMMON name for this compound?

A

Acetone

36
Q

What type of reagent’s are the Tollen’s Reagent and Benedict’s Reagent?

A

They are mild oxidizing reagents used in simple chemical tests to distinguish aldehydes from ketones

37
Q

What does the Tollen’s reagent consist of?

A

It consist of a solution containing silver ion (Ag+) in aqueous ammonia (NH3)2+

38
Q

What does the treatment of an Aldehyde with the Tollen’s reagent yield?

A

silver metal- silver mirror

39
Q

How is a Benedict’s reagent prepared?

A

By dissolving copper (II) sulfate, sodium citrate, and sodium carbonate in water.

Color of solution is: Blue due to the presence of Cu2+

Chemistry-100 (6 decks)

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