UNIT 8 REVIEW NEW Flashcards
(31 cards)
_______ is the top taxon, which them moves down until you get _______ species. The more taxon have in common, the more _______ they are.
Domain
Species
Alike.
What is the modern Linnean System?
Domain, kingdom, phylum, class order, family, genus, species (Dear King Phillip Came Over For Great Soup).
What is the modern Linnean System based on?
Molecular similarities (DNA, RNA, and proteins).
What does the domain taxon tell us?
Something in domain in the most inclusive but least specific:
What does species taxon tell us?
Something in species is the least inclusive but most specific.
Scientific names include 2 taxons- _______ and _______ (binomial nomenclature)?
Genus and Species
What is Evolutionary classification based on?
Evolutionary relationships (molecular evidence)
What is classification based on (evolutionary history)?
Phylogeny
What is the diagram that shows the evolutionary relationships over a geologic time, accounted for by the length/spacing of branches.
Phylogenetic tree
In a Phylogenetic tree, what letters are more closely related?
E and A
What is the first organism in a cladogram called?
Common ancestor
In a cladogram, to what direction is something more closely related that to the other?
Right
Life evolved through _______- a series of chemical reactions… Inorganic molecules; Organic molecules (monomers); Organic molecules (macromolecules); Metabolic pathways; Protocells; _______; Cells (life); Eukaryotic cells (endosymbiotic theory).
Chemistry.
Prokaryotic.
What did the Miller-Urey Experiment simulate?
Earth’s early conditions (water cycle/hydrologic cycle)
Why was the Miller-Urey experiment significant?
It showed that organic molecules (I.e, amino acids) could form from inorganic (gasses) that were believed to be present on early earth. This experiment did not, however, create life.
What theory is the origin of Eukaryotic cells called?
Endosymbiotic Theory/Endosymbiosis
What is “Endosymbiotic Theory/Endosymbiosis”
A proposal that eukaryotic cells evolved from prokaryotic cells.
What supporting evidence is there to support Endosymbiotic Theory/Endosymbiosis (5 reasons).
The mitochondria and chloroplasts are similar to bacteria in size; both surrounded by 2 plasma membranes (bacteria and vesicle); all three have looped DNA; all replicate asexual (binary fission); and all contain ribosomes (makes proteins).
What is evolution?
Change over time.
Who was Charles Darwin?
An English naturalist who proposed that all life shares a single common ancestor.
What is something that Charles Darwin proposed?
Descent with modification (variety) and natural selection over time leads to evolution.
What is descent with modification?
Offspring that have differences from their parents and each other.
What are the descent with modification differences?
Natural selection and habitability.
What is natural selection summarized?
Survival of the fittest
