Unit 8: South America Flashcards
(34 cards)
Democracy as a goal:
1. What were open elections, and their benefits?
No one knows who/how you voted
More than one political party
Universal suffrage (right of all adults citizens to vote)
Democracy as a goal:
What was South America’s idea of citizen participation?
a. High levels of education and literacy
b. Economic security
c. Freedom to speech, press, and assembly
Democracy as a goal:
What all fits under their idea of ‘majority rule, minority rights’?
a. shared national identity
b. projection of individual rights
c. politicians carry out their citizens will
Settlement of South america:
Which Spanish settler conquered the Aztecs in 1521? (Took two years)
Hernando Cortez
Democracy as a goal:
What was south America’s idea of a constitutional government?
a. Government based on written laws
b. education about how the government works
c. no one is above the law
Settlement of South America:
Which Spanish settler conquered the Incas in 1533 by capturing their king?
Francisco Pizarro
Portuguese settlement:
Who claimed brazil in 1500?
Pedro Cabral
Portuguese settlement:
What did Pedro Cabral and the Portuguese do to Brazil’s land?
Destroyed forest land for sugar plantations
What was the Encomienda System?
a. farm, ranch, and mine for production
b. priests protest cruel treatment
c. African slaves in 1542
Independence:
What were the 4 divisions of South America’s divided society?
Peninsulares, creoles, mestizos and mulattoes, and enslaved africans & natives
Who were peninsulares?
Born in Spain or portugal
This is a extra card idk why it’s in here
Idk
Who were mestizos and mulattos?
mixed ancestry (businesses/merchants= wealthy)
Who were enslaved africans and natives?
Laborers (extremely poor)
Who was Jose de San Martin and what did he do?
a. creole from Argentina, independence in 1816
b. crossed andes mountains, freed chile in 1817
c. United with Bolivar to free Peru in 1824
Who was Dom Pedro and what did he do?
a. fled portugal to Brazil in 1808
b. fought family for independence in 1822
c. wealth and opportunity
Foreign Influence:
Who are caudillos and what do they do?
Caudillos are leaders who are in charge of a region
a. military leaders with political power
b. government sells land to wealthy people
c. voting restricted to upper and middle classes
Foreign Influence:
What two things led to exploring?
Refrigeration and transportation
Foreign Influence:
What 3 places did South America borrow money from?
UK, France, and Germany
Foreign Influence:
What are two factors of market exploitation?
- Importation of manufactured products
- Few factories, schools, roads, and hospitals
In order what were the 6 events that the United States had foreign Influence with South American in?
Monroe Doctrine (1823), Spanish American War (1898), Roosevelt Corollary (1904), Panama Canal (1914), Good Neighbor Policy (1934), Bracero Program (1942)
What is significant about the Panama canal?
It is how the United States monitor products that go in and out of South America
Brazil:
What did Juscelino Kubitschek do?
a. foreign investment for development
b. created a new capital (Brasilia)
c. Land reform led to military coup
What was Brazil’s idea of a military dictatorship from 1965-1985?
a. Amazon development (Integrating the territory of Brazil through building roads, growing agriculture, etc)
b. low wages and welfare cuts
c. people who criticized him were censored, jailed, tortured, or executed
