Unit 8 Test

Question 1

Thurgood Marshall

Answer 1

A string civil rights activist, first African American Supreme Court Justice

Question 2

Brown vs. Board of Education

Answer 2

Supreme Court struck down segregation in schooling as an unconstitutional violation.

Question 3

Rosa Parks

Answer 3

A black woman, member of NAACP, who shunned segregated things like elevators and drinking fountains, etc.

Question 4

Martin Luther King Jr

Answer 4

Civil rights activist who lead many boycotts and protests

Question 5

SCLC

Answer 5

Its purpose was to carry on nonviolent crusades against the evils of 2nd class citizenship

Question 6

SNCC

Answer 6

It hoped to harness the energy pf these student protesters; it would soon create one of the most important student activist movements in US history

Question 7

freedom riders

Answer 7

People who hoped to provoke a violent reaction that would convince the Kennedy administration to enforce the law.

Question 8

James Meredith

Answer 8

Air Force veteran who was allowed to enroll in an all white university, but when he got there, he wasn’t allowed to register as a student

Question 9

Civil Rights Act of 1964

Answer 9

Prohibited discrimination because of race, religion, national origin, and gender.

Question 10

Freedom Summer

Answer 10

A 1964 project to register African American voters in Mississippi

Question 11

Voting Rights Act of 1965

Answer 11

A law that made it easier for African Americans to register to vote by eliminating discriminatory literacy tests and authorizing federal examiners to enroll voters denied at the local level

Question 12

de facto segregation

Answer 12

segregation that exists by practice and custom

Question 13

de jure segregation

Answer 13

segregation by law

Question 14

Malcolm X

Answer 14

He believed blacks should build a completely separate society from whites

Question 15

Nation of Islam

Answer 15

A religious group, Black Muslims, founded by Elijah Muhammad to promote black separatism and Islamic religion.

Question 16

Black Power

Answer 16

A slogan used by Stokely Carmichael in the 1960s that encouraged African American pride and political and social leadership

Question 17

Black Panthers

Answer 17

A militant African American political organization formed in 1966 by Huey Newton and Bobby Seale to fight police brutality and to provide services in the ghetto.

Question 18

Civil Rights Act of 1968

Answer 18

A law that banned discrimination in housing

Question 19

affirmative housing

Answer 19

A policy that seeks to correct the effects of past discrimination by favoring groups who were previously disadvantaged.

Question 20

John F Kennedy

Answer 20

35th President, believed America should confront the danger of communism, great public speaker

Question 21

flexible response

Answer 21

a policy, developed during the Kennedy administration, that involved preparing for a variety of military responses to international crises rather than focusing on the use of nuclear weapons

Question 22

Fidel Castro

Answer 22

leader of Cuba, communist

Question 23

Berlin Wall

Answer 23

A concrete wall separating East and West Berlin

Question 24

hot line

Answer 24

this dedicated phone enabled the leaders of US and SU to communicate at once should another crisis arise

Question 25

Limited Test Ban Treaty

Answer 25

it barred nuclear testing in the atmosphere

Question 26

Bay of Pigs

Answer 26

President Eisenhower sent Cuban exiles into Cub to assassinate Castro. It failed epically and the US had to pay $53 million to get their Cubans back.

Question 27

Cuban Missile Crisis

Answer 27

Soviets put nuclear missiles in Cuba that could destroy the entire nation of America. Kennedy was able to make a deal to prevent WWIII.

Question 28

New Frontier

Answer 28

President JFK legislative program, which included proposals to provide medical care for the elderly, to rebuild blighted urban areas, to aid education, to bolster the national defense, to increase international aid, and to expand the space program.

Question 29

Peace Corps

Answer 29

An agency established in 1961 to provide volunteer assistance to developing nations in Asia, Africa, and Latin America

Question 30

Alliance for Progress

Answer 30

An US foreign aid program of the 1960s, providing economic and technical assistance to Latin American countries.

Question 31

Warren Commission

Answer 31

A group, headed by Chief Justice Earl Warren, that investigated the assassination of President Kennedy and concluded that Lee Harvey Oswald was alone responsible for it.

Question 32

The Movement of the Migrant Workers

Answer 32

Many workers from other countries moved to the Pacific Coast, the Midwest, and the Atlantic Coast to work in the fields.

Question 33

Lyndom B Johnson

Answer 33

President after JFK, his ambition and drive became legendary

Question 34

Economic Opportunity Act

Answer 34

Approved nearly $1 billion for youth programs, anti-poverty measures, small businesses leans, and job training. For examples, the Job Crops Youth Training Program, VISTA, Project Head Start, and The Community Action Program.

Question 35

Great Society

Answer 35

President Johnson's program to reduce poverty and racial injustice and to promote a better quality of life in the US.

Question 36

Medicare and Medicaid

Answer 36

- Provided hospital insurance and low-cost medical insurance for almost every American ages 65+ - Extended health insurance to welfare recipients

Question 37

Immigrant Act of 1965

Answer 37

Opened the door for many non-European immigrants to settle in the US by ending quotas based on nationality.

Question 38

Warren Court

Answer 38

The Supreme Court during the period when Earl Warren was Chief Justice, noted for its activism in the areas of civil rights

Question 39

reapportionment

Answer 39

the redrawing of election districts reflect in population

Question 40

Elementary and Secondary Act

Answer 40

$1 billion to help public and parochial schools purchase textbooks, etc

Question 41

Baker vs. Carr

Answer 41

Federal courts had the right to tell states to redivide their districts more evenly

Question 42

Mapp vs. Ohio

Answer 42

Evidence seized illegally can't be used in court

Question 43

Gideon vs. Wainwright

Answer 43

Required criminal courts to provide free legal counsel to those who couldn't afford it

Question 44

Escobedo vs. Illinois

Answer 44

An accused person has the right to have a lawyer present during police questioning

Question 45

Miranda vs. Arizona

Answer 45

All suspects must be read their rights before questioning