Unit 9

Question 1

deforestation/burning: sink or source

Answer 1

Source

Question 2

Effect of Climate Change: Increase in pathogenic ________

Answer 2

diseases

Question 3

Effect of Climate Change: Melting _______

Answer 3

icecaps

Question 4

Carbon cycles between ______ & ______ things

Answer 4

biotic & abiotic

Question 5

Ecosystem Diversity

Answer 5

The variety if habitats that exist within a given region

Question 6

Effect of Climate Change: Average global temp ____

Answer 6

rise

Question 7

Intermediate Disturbance Hypothesis

Answer 7

the hypothesis that ecosystems experiencing intermediate levels of disturbances are more diverse than those with high or low disturbance levels

Question 8

combustion of fossil fuels: sink or source

Answer 8

Source

Question 9

What is monocropping and why is it bad?

Answer 9

When a farmer only produces one type of crop. This reduces genetic diversity, making the crop more susceptible to disease

Question 10

carrying capacity

Answer 10

of organisms that a region can support with its current resources

Question 11

Estuaries

Answer 11

transition zone between rivers and oceans

Question 12

Most energy is lost in ____ to the environment (__%)

Answer 12

heat, 90

Question 13

Effect of Climate Change: Weather events are becoming more e______, f________, and un___________

Answer 13

extreme, frequent, unpredictable

Question 14

Population is decreased by d____ and e_________

Answer 14

death and emigration

Question 15

Bycatch

Answer 15

unwanted catch that is often killed

Question 16

Logistic Growth shape

Answer 16

S curve

Question 17

Population Bottleneck

Answer 17

a drastic reduction in population size

Question 18

consequences of global warming

Answer 18

Rising ocean, ocean warming, extreme weather, average, global temperature, rise, increase in pathogenic diseases, melting, ice caps, ocean acidification, affects on plants and wildlife

Question 19

Food chain arrows show

Answer 19

who gives energy to who

Question 20

Population is increased by b____ and i__________.

Answer 20

birth and immigration

Question 21

decomposition: sink or source

Answer 21

Both

Question 22

which two carbon gases are leading to climate change

Answer 22

CO2 (carbon dioxide) & CH4 (methane)

Question 23

sedimentation of organic material on the ocean floor: sink or source

Answer 23

Sink

Question 24

Watershed

Answer 24

a land area that channels all snowmelt and rainfall to a singular point

Question 25

Animals can fill ____ ____ ____ trophic level

Answer 25

more than one

Question 26

Detritovores

Answer 26

feed on dead materials (Ex: worms, crabs, vultures)

Question 27

Estuaries are often characterized by

Answer 27

brackish waters and sheltered habitats

Question 28

the sea is rising due to melting glaciers. What is the other reason?

Answer 28

Thermal expansion

Question 29

Habitat fragmentation

Answer 29

And habitats are broken up due to habitat loss. For example, central Park Forests

Question 30

Indicator Species

Answer 30

species that are very sensitive to a certain environmental condition

Question 31

Decomposers

Answer 31

chemically break down dead materials (Ex: bacteria, fungi)

Question 32

Resiliance

Answer 32

ability and rate of an ecosystem to recover from a disturbance and return to its pre-disturbed state

Question 33

Ecological Disturbances

Answer 33

A shift in environmental conditions that causes a pronounced change in an ecosystem

Question 34

___________ connects marine and freshwater systems

Answer 34

Groundwater

Question 35

CH4

Answer 35

methane

Question 36

Aquatic ecosystems are all _________

Answer 36

connected

Question 37

Ecosystem succession:

Answer 37

replacement of one community by another over time

Question 38

Fossil fuels: sink or source

Answer 38

Sink

Question 39

Effect of Climate Change: Ocean _____________.

Answer 39

Acidification

Question 40

There is only about a __% gain from trophic level to trophic level

Answer 40

10

Question 41

Ocean: sink or source

Answer 41

Sink

Question 42

What causes the pH of the ocean to decrease and make it more acidic

Answer 42

Fossil fuels. Carbon dioxide diffuse into the water which reacts with it to produce carbonic acid, which makes it harder for organisms to survive specifically shells because because it doesn't let them make calcium carbonate.

Question 43

Genetic Diversity

Answer 43

genetic variation among individuals in a population

Question 44

Species diversity

Answer 44

the number of species in an organism

Question 45

Resistance

Answer 45

ability to remain unchanged when being subjected to disturbance

Question 46

why are decomposers important?

Answer 46

They help recycle nutrients and energy

Question 47

Primary Succession:

Answer 47

first time life has formed on surface

Question 48

______ is the backbone of life on earth

Answer 48

carbon

Question 49

Exponential Growth Chart shape

Answer 49

J shaped curve

Question 50

A population is:

Answer 50

A group of organisms of the SAME species living in the SAME space at the SAME time

Question 51

Limiting Factors

Answer 51

Limit the population size from reaching its biotic potential

Question 52

Population letter equation:

Answer 52

B+I-D-E

Question 53

Density-Dependant

Answer 53

Ex: Food, disease, predators, space, competition

Question 54

Which greenhouse gas is being emitted the most?

Answer 54

CO2

Question 55

Types of producers

Answer 55

plants, cyanobacteria, protists (algae/phytoplankton)

Question 56

Habitat Fragmentation

Answer 56

Isolates populations, disrupting mating and reducing gene flow

Question 57

Density independent

Answer 57

Factors that affect populations regardless of their density. Ex: temps, storms, floods, droughts

Question 58

Over fertilization causes _____ ______.

Answer 58

algae blooms

Question 59

Biotic Potential

Answer 59

maximin reproduction rate of population in ideal conditions

Question 60

Effect of Climate Change: Sea level ____

Answer 60

rise

Question 61

Ecosystem Engineers:

Answer 61

species that modify their environment in such way that other organisms rely on the changes to live or thrive (also are a keystone species)

Question 62

Effect of Climate Change: Ocean _______

Answer 62

warming

Question 63

Keystone species:

Answer 63

a species that, if removed, results in the health of an economy drastically declining.

Question 64

Secondary Succession:

Answer 64

NOT the first time life has formed in the surface

Question 65

pioneer organisms:

Answer 65

the first organisms in an area

Question 66

Greenhouses gases absorb radiations from the sun & ___ the ____ in Earth's atmosphere.

Answer 66

trap, heat

Question 67

photosynthesis: sink or source

Answer 67

Sink