Unit 9: Chemical Bonding, Molecular Shapes, and IMF Flashcards
(22 cards)
an atom’s ability to attract electrons from another atom
electronegativity
bond between a metal and nonmetal; attraction between cations (+) and anions (-)
ionic bond
bond between a nonmetal and nonmetal; sharing electrons to satisfy the octet rule
covalent bond
pairs of electrons not involved in bonding
lone pair
bond with unequal sharing between 2 different nonmetals
polar bond
bond with equal sharing between 2 identical nonmentals
nonpolar bond
molecule in which one end is slightly positive and the other end is slightly negative
polar/lopsided molecule
molecules that do not have any electrical charges or partial charges
nonpolar/symmetrical molecule
dipole
arrows that show areas of higher electron density
IMF with formal charges creating a strong bond between ions
ion-ion
IMF with a polar molecule that interacts with ions
ion-dipole
IMF with attraction between very polar molecules; H with F,O, or N
hydrogen bonding
IMF with attraction between less polar molecules
dipole-dipole
IMF with weakest caused by “sloshing” around of elections in any atom of molecule
London dispersion
Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion; says that bonds and lone pairs repel each other
VSEPR
electrons involved in a chemical bond; located in the outermost s and p shells
valence electrons
2 electrons shared between atoms
single bond
4 electrons shared between atoms
double bond
6 electrons shared between atoms
triple bond
main group elements want either a filled or empty outer s and p sublevels
octet rule
polar/lopsided molecules tend to have ______ boiling points because of their charge causes them to want attraction with other molecules and stay in liquid or solid form
higher
nonpolar/symmetrical molecules tend to have _______ boiling points because they have little to no charge causing them to not desire attraction and want to stay apart in gaseous form
lower
