Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pharmacology > Unit 9-Neuro > Flashcards

Unit 9-Neuro Flashcards

1
Q

What are types of primary headaches

A

migraine, tension-type headache, cluster headache

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are main causes of secondary headaches

A

head or neck trauma; cranial or cervical vascular disorder; substance or its withdrawal; infection, sinuses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What headache characteristics would warrant worry?

A

onset after 50 y/o, sudden onset, accelerated pattern, fever and stiff neck, neuro changes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are symptoms of tension headache?

A

dull pain radiating bilaterally from forehead to occiput in band like fashion-radiates into neck and trapezius-NOT present on awakening, rarely debilitating

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are symptoms of migraine headache?

A

nausea, photophobia, more women than men

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are symptoms of cluster headaches?

A

more in men, hypothalmic disorder is possible, occurs at specific times in sleep-wake cycle. Unilateral, stabbing in one eye, 15-180 min, 1-8 times daily

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What can cause chronic daily headaches?

A

treating more than 2 headaches per week

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

How long do you need to withhold pain meds to treat MOH?

A

1-2 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Who needs prophylaxis for tension headaches?

A

those who have more than 2 TTHs per week

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is first line treatment for TTH?

A

ASA and APAP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is second line treatment for TTH?

A

NSAIDS, caffeine containing meds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is third line treatment for TTH?

A

butalbital compounds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Where are migraines thought to originate?

A

trigeminovascular system of cerebrum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is first line treatment for Migraine?

A

NSAIDS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is 2nd line treatment for Migraine?

A

Caffiiene

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is third line treatment for migraine?

A

triptans

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What 5HT/triptan has longest half-life?

A

frovatriptam (Frova)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What 5HT/triptan is oldest and fastest acting?

A

sumatriptam (Imitrex)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What are common prophylactic meds for migraine?

A

beta blockers-propranolol and timolol; TCAs nortriptyline; ca channel blockers; NSAIDS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

When should peds patients receive prophylactic treatment for migraine?

A

last 1-3 hours or >1 day

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Differentiate generalized seizures from partial seizures

A

Partial seizures begin in localized area of brain and may cause no change in consciousness Generalized seizures involve both hemispheres of the brain and result in early loss of consciousness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is the standard definition of status epilepticus?

A

Seizure activity persisting for more than 30 min or 2 or more sequential seizures without recovery between them

23
Q

When is drug therapy initiated in seizures?

A

After diagnosis is confirmed and pt has 2 or more seizures OR if pt has one or more risk factors for recurrent seizures

24
Q

What are risk factors for recurrent seizures?

A

EEG, structural lesion, partial seizures, family history

25
Q

What is first line treatment for seizures?

A

monotherapy based on type of seizure

26
Q

What is oldest AED?

A

phenytoin/Dilantin

27
Q

What is normal dosing of Dilantin?

A

5-6mg/kg/d in adults, 5-12 mg/kg/d peds

28
Q

What are adverse effects of dilantin?

A

gingival hyperplasia, hirsuitism, SLE, Hypotension

29
Q

What are special considerations with fosfophenytoin

A

use <5 days, after or during neuro surgery. 75mg=50mg phenytoin

30
Q

What meds are used in partial seizures

A

carbemazepine and oxcarbamazepine

31
Q

In what patients is valproic acid contraindicated

A

severe liver disease

32
Q

What is the first choice for absence seizures?

A

zarontin

33
Q

What are causes of major depressive disorder?

A

postpartum, SAD, dysthymia

34
Q

Why are SSRIs favorable in treating depression?

A

increased tolerability, decreased lethality

35
Q

what are potential side effects of SSRIs?

A

anxiety, insomnia, sexual dysfunction

36
Q

What are SNRIs?

A

effexor, cymbalta, Pristiq

37
Q

What is first line treatment for depression?

A

SSRIs

38
Q

What is second line treatment for depression?

A

other SSRI, SNRI

39
Q

What age group is prozac approved for?

A

ages 8 and up

40
Q

In treating anxiety, who is best treated by benzos?

A

Those with acute exogenous anxiety to time-limited stressor

41
Q

What med is used to treat benzo overdose?

A

mazicon

42
Q

What is the drug of choice for anxiety?

A

SSRIs

43
Q

What is first, second, and third line therapy for Generalized Anxiety Disorder?

A

SSRIs, Buspar, Benzos

44
Q

What is first, second, and third line therapy for panic disorder?

A

SSRI, TCA, MAOI

45
Q

what is first second line fro OCD?

A

SSRI, alternative SSRI

46
Q

What benzos are approved in peds?

A

diazepam, alprazolam

47
Q

What defines chronic insomnia?

A

> 3wks

48
Q

How do oral contraceptives affect benzos?

A

they decrease clearance of benzos

49
Q

What is half life of benzo receptor agonists?

A

5 hours

50
Q

What is first line for insomnia?

A

non-benzos

51
Q

What is second line for insomnia?

A

benzos

52
Q

What is third line for insomnia?

A

barbs, antidepressents

53
Q

what is first second and third line treatment for ADHD?

A

stimulants, non-stimulants/ antidepressant, bupropion

54
Q

What is first line treatment for alzheimers?

A

cholinestrase (aricept, cognex)

Pharmacology (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions