Unit 9 Transport In Humans Flashcards
(27 cards)
Which chamber of the heart pumps blood into the aorta
Left ventricle
Which chamber of the heart pumps blood to the lungs in the pulomanry artery
Right ventricle
What is the septum
A wall of tissue that prevents the deoxygentated blood from the right side to mix with the oxygenated blood from the left side
what are the two upper chambers of the heart
Left and right atria
What are the two lower chambers of the heart
Left and right ventricle
Why do atria have less muscular walls than the venteicles
They only force blood into the ventricles
Cappilaries
One cell thinks. Helps substances pass easily in and out of the blood in the body tissue
Arteries
Thick Muscular and elastic walls to withstand the high pressure
Veins
Less muscle and elastic walls. Have thin walls because the pressure in veins is low
Where does the right ventricle pump blood to
The lungs
Where does the left ventricle have to pump blood to
The rest of the body
Why is the left ventricle more muscular
Has to pump blood ata a pressure that overcome greater resistances
What is the pulse
Regular swelling of the arteries in response to contraction of the heart
how do you seperate the layers of blood
Spinning it around in a centrifuge
What composes your blood
Plasma
White vlood cells
Red blood cells
Platelets
What does plasma carry
Nutrients
Water
Waste
Hormones
what is haemoglobin and what does it do
It carries oxygen. Haemoglobin is a special tupe of protein that contains iron
What does oxygen + haemoglobin give you
Oxyhaemoglobin
Give the two tupes of WBC
Phagocytes and lymphocytes
Lymphocytes
When bacterium or virus enters they recognise it foreign and should not be there si they produce proteins called antibodies
How do antiodies attack
Make pathogens stick together
They dissolve their cell membrane
They neutralise the toxins (if they are produced)
Antibodies
A type of protein made by lymphocytes in the bone marrow
Blood clotting
When a blood vessel is damaged antibodies release substances to change the soluble protein FIBRINOGEN to the insoluble protein FIBRIN
Which create a meshwork of fibres
RBC get trapped in these threads to make the clot
when clot hardens= scab
Skin heals= scab falls off
What is double circulation
Blood passes through the heart twice for each whole blood circuit
