UNIT D CH.2 Flashcards
The process of changing, in successive stages, an environment from an area of bare rock and few species to a complex community.
Primary succession
Simple and hardy plants that first invade or colonize barren ground and change the environment to support more complex in life forms.
Pioneer species
The organic component of soil from the decomposed bodies of organism.
Humus
The stable community that results from the process of succession.
Climax community
The process of transforming a planet to be more like earth-like.
Terraforming
The return in stages to a stable climax community from an area that has had its vegetation but not its soil removed.
Secondary succession
Development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the needs of the future generations.
Sustainable development
A species no longer existed
Extinct
Root out and destroyed completely
Extirpated
Cause (someone or something) to be vulnerable or at risk; endangered.
Threatened
Susceptible to physical or emotional attack or harm.
Vulnerable
An economic system is a system of production, resource allocation, and distribution of goods and services within a society or a given geographic area.
Economic system
Is an approach to study human development that consists of the scientific study of the progressive, mutual accommodation throughout the life course between an active growing human being.
Ecological system
The amount of time it takes for a population to double its size.
Doubling time
The rapid growth in population caused by a constant increase.
Exponential growth
The distinctive shape of the graph for a population that is regularly increasing and growing exponentially.
Exponential curve/ J-Curve.
A group of organisms that exists in a natural or artificial setting where immigration and emigration do not occur and numbers are only affected by birth and deaths
Closed population
A group of organisms that exists in a natural setting where births, deaths, immigration, and emigration all affect the population numbers.
Open population
The maximum number of individuals that can be sustained for a indefinite period in a given ecosystem
Carrying capacity/ S-Curve
A single step in line of descent, grand mother, mother, and daughter represent three generations.
Generation
The detailed shape and form of an animal.
Morphology
The record of all life on earth as preserved by all fossils that exist, whether dig up or still in the ground.
Fossil record
The theory that changes to the organisms in a population occur slowly and steadily over earths history.
Gradualism
The theory that changes to the organisms in a population can occur in rapid sports followed by long periods of little change
Punctuated equilibrium
