UNIT IV - Comparative and Descriptive Anatomy Flashcards
(87 cards)
1
Q
TYPES OF TEETH ACCORDING TO SHAPE
A
Homodont
Heterodont
2
Q
TYPES OF TEETH ACCORDING TO SET
A
Monophyodont
Diphyodont
Polyphyodont
3
Q
TYPES OF TEETH ACCORDING TO SUPPORT
A
Thecodont
Acrodont
Pleurodont
4
Q
______ - teeth are similar in size and shape
A
HOMODONT
5
Q
______ - teeth differ in appearance and shape along
A
HETERODONT
6
Q
______ - one set of teeth
A
MONOPHYODONT
7
Q
______ - two sets of teeth
A
DIPHYODONT
8
Q
______ - multiple generations of tooth replacement
A
POLYPHYODONT
9
Q
______ - sets in socket with the periodontal ligament
A
THECODONT
10
Q
______ - attached to the top of the bone or shallow sockets
A
ACRODONT
11
Q
______ - sits in shelf on inner side of the jaw bone
A
PLEURODONT
12
Q
______ - refers to the surfaces oriented toward the face
A
FACIAL SURFACES
13
Q
2 FACIAL SURFACES
A
Labial surface
Buccal surface
14
Q
______ - surfaces toward the lip
A
Labial surface
15
Q
______ - surfaces toward the cheeks
A
Buccal surface
16
Q
______ - surfaces toward the tongue
A
LINGUAL SURFACES
17
Q
______ - toward adjoining teeth in the same dental arch mesial surface
A
PROXIMAL SURFACES
18
Q
2 PROXIMAL SURFACES
A
Mesial surface
Distal surface
19
Q
______ - faced toward the median line
A
Mesial surface
20
Q
______ - faced distant from the median line
A
Distal surface
21
Q
______ - surfaces of the premolars and molars that come in contact with the opposite jaw during the act of closure
A
OCCLUSAL SURFACES
22
Q
______ - surfaces of the inciosrs and canines that come in contact with the opposite jaw during the act of closure
A
INCISAL SURFACES
23
Q
______ - formed by the junction of 2 surfaces
A
LINE ANGLE
24
Q
______ - formed by junction of 3 surfaces
A
POINT ANGLE
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Anterior teeth - ______ line angles
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Posterior teeth - ______ line angles
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Anterior teeth - ______ point angles
4
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Posterior teeth - ______ point angles
4
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3 APPROACHES (DIVISION OF THIRDS)
INCISOCERVICALLY/OCCLUSOCERVICALLY
LABIOLINGUALLY/BUCCOLINGUALLY
MESIODISTALLY
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______
- carved out section
- depression
CONCAVITY
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______
- bulging area
- elevation
CONVEXITY
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______ - represents a primary center of formation
LOBE
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______ - an elevation or mound on the crown portion of a tooth making up a divisional part of the occlusal surface
CUSP
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______ - three rounded protuberances found on the incisal ridges of newly erupted incisor teeth
MAMELONS
35
______
- a smaller elevation on some portion of the crown produced by an extra formation of enamel
- considered to be a deviation from the typical form
TUBERCLE
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______ - “mini cusps”
TUBERCLE
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______ - Latin word for “girdle”
CINGULUM
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______ - lingual lobe for anterior tooth
CINGULUM
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______
- any linear elevation on the surface of the tooth
- named according to location
RIDGE
40
EXAMPLES OF RIDGES (6)
MARGINAL RIDGE
INCISAL RIDGE
TRIANGULAR RIDGE
TRANSVERSE RIDGE
OBLIQUE RIDGE
CUSP RIDGE
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______ - rounded borders of the enamel that form the mesial and distal margins of the teeth.
MARGINAL RIDGE
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______ - rounded ridge of the incisal portion of an anterior tooth
INCISAL RIDGE
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______ - descend from the tip of the cusps of molars and premolars toward the central part of the occlusal surfaces
TRIANGULAR RIDGE
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______ - combination of two triangular ridges transversely crossing the occlusal surface
TRANSVERSE RIDGE
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______ - ridge crossing obliquely the occlusal surfaces of maxillary molars and formed by the union of the triangular ridge of the distobuccal cusp and distal cusp ridge of the mesiolingual cusp
OBLIQUE RIDGE
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______ - elevations which extend in a mesial and distal direction or buccal and lingual direction
CUSP RIDGE
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______ - sloping area found between 2 cusp ridges
INCLINED PLANE
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______ - an irregular depression or concavity on the crown of a tooth
FOSSA
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EXAMPLES OF FOSSA (3)
LINGUAL FOSSA
CENTRAL FOSSA
TRIANGULAR FOSSA
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______ - broad, shallow depression on the lingual surface of anterior teeth
LINGUAL FOSSA
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______ - broad and deep concavity at the central portion of occlusal surfaces of molars
CENTRAL FOSSA
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______ - present at the occlusal surfaces of premolars and molars between the branches of the central developmental groove when they terminate before the proximal marginal ridges
TRIANGULAR FOSSA
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______ - elongated valley formed by the inclines of adjacent cusps or ridges that meet at an angle
SULCUS
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______ - shallow linear depression
GROOVES
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______ - it is a shallow groove or line between the primary parts of the crown or root.
DEVELOPMENTAL GROOVE
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______ - less distinct, shallow linear depression on the surface of a tooth, but is supplemental to a developmental groove and does not mark the junction of primary parts.
SUPPLEMENTAL GROOVE
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______ - a small pinpoint depression located at the junction of developmental grooves or at the terminal of those grooves.
PIT
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CROWN SURFACE FORMS
There are 3 geometric figures of tooth crown surface:
triangular
trapezoidal
rhomboidal
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______ - figure with three straight sides and three angles.
TRIANGLE
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TRIANGLE
______ Surfaces
______ teeth
crowns exhibit triangular shape
base = ______ area
apex = ______ area
Mesial and Distal, Anterior, cervical, incisal
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______ - quadrilateral with one pair of opposite sides parallel
TRAPEZOID
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TRAPEZOID
______ Surfaces
outlines of the ______ aspects of all teeth is trapezoidal
______ side forms the base of the trapezoid
______ represents the shortest parallel side
Facial and Lingual, facial and lingual, incisal/occlusal, cervical
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TRAPEZOID
______ surfaces
______ teeth crowns are roughly trapezoidal
longest uneven sides base of the crown at the ______
uneven sides of the premolar are ______ than the molars
Mesial and Distal, Maxillary posterior, cervical, shorter
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TRAPEZOID
This arrangement brings out the following fundamentals of forms:
1.) Interproximal spaces may accommodate ______.
interproximal tissues
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TRAPEZOID
This arrangement brings out the following fundamentals of forms:
2.) Spacing between the roots of one tooth and those of another allows sufficient ______ for investment for the teeth and sufficient ______ to be consistent with the length, form, nutrition and function of the adjacent teeth
bone tissue, supporting structures
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TRAPEZOID
This arrangement brings out the following fundamentals of forms:
3.) Each tooth crown in the dental arches must be in contact at some points with an adjacent tooth to help protect the ______ from trauma during ______, the contact of one tooth with another in the arch tends to ensure mutual support
interproximal gingival tissue, mastication
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TRAPEZOID
This arrangement brings out the following fundamentals of forms:
4.) Each tooth in the dental arch has ______ antagonists in the opposing arch except the ______ and ______. In the event of loss of any tooth , this arrangement tends to prevent ______ of antagonists and help stabilize the remaining teeth
two, mandibular central incisors, maxillary 3rd molars, elongation
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______ - no right angles and with adjacent sides of unequal length.
RHOMBOID
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RHOMBOID
______ surfaces
______ teeth
crowns are somewhat rhomboid in outline, crowns incline toward the ______
Mesial and Distal, Mandibular posterior, lingual
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PHYSIOLOGIC FORMS (5)
1.Proximal contact area
2.Interproximal spaces
3.Embrasures
4.Contours
5.Curvature of Cervical line
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______ - area on the surface of the teeth where the proximal surface touch one another
PROXIMAL CONTACT AREA
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______ - distal contact area touches the mesial contact area of the tooth posterior to it
PROXIMAL CONTACT AREA
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______ is located on the mesial and distal surface of each tooth at the widest portion and the greatest curvature
proximal contact area
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______ - are triangular-shaped spaces between the teeth formed by the bone on one side and the proximal surfaces and the contact area on the other side
INTERPROXIMAL SPACES
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______ - the contact area forms the apex if the triangle and the alveolar bone makes up the base
INTERPROXIMAL SPACES
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______ - these spaces are normally filled with gingival tissue called interdental papilla (gingival papilla)
INTERPROXIMAL SPACES
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______ - shape aids in the self-cleansing process of the dentition
INTERPROXIMAL SPACES
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______ - "spillways"
EMBRASURE
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______ - open space between the proximal surfaces of two teeth where they diverge buccally, labially, lingually and occlusally from the contact area
- named according to location depending upon from which aspect the teeth are viewed
EMBRASURE
80
Proper embrasure has 2 main purposes
➢ To serve as ______ during mastication
➢ To serve as an integral part of the ______ of the tooth
spillways for the food material, self-cleansing process
81
EMBRASURE
Some general rules regenerate normal embrasure forms:
1.) From the facial or lingual aspect, incisal or occlusal embrasure ______ in relative size from the anterior teeth toward the posterior
increases
82
EMBRASURE
Some general rules regenerate normal embrasure forms:
2.) From the facial or lingual aspect, cervical or gingival embrasure ______ in relative size in anterior teeth
decreases
83
EMBRASURE
Some general rules regenerate normal embrasure forms:
3.) From the incisal aspect, the labial and lingual embrasures ______ in size in anterior teeth
nearly equal
84
EMBRASURE
Some general rules regenerate normal embrasure forms:
4.) From the occlusal aspect, the lingual embrasure is normally ______ than the buccal embrasure in posterior teeth
larger
85
EMBRASURE
Some general rules regenerate normal embrasure forms:
5.) When one side of the embrasure has a certain contour, the other side of the embrasure will normally have a ______
similar contour
86
______ (______) is the area of contour on the facial and lingual surface
These contours are for the proper protection of ______
Height of contour, crest of curvature, gingival tissue
87
______ - A summary of the height of periodontal attachment interproximally indicates the attachment to be highest at the median line on central incisors. In distal progression the height of attachment decreases along with the decrease in curvature of CEJs until the mesial surface of the first premolar is reached. From this point distally through third molars, curvatures are slight.
CURVATURE OF CERVICAL LINE
