unit one

Question 1

eyepiece or ocular

Answer 1

magnifies the image from the objective lens and conveys it to your eyes

Question 2

fine adjustment knob

Answer 2

makes subtle adjustments to produce clear sharp images

Question 3

coarse adjustment knob

Answer 3

moves the stage of the microscope up and down to bring the specimen into the focal point of the objective lens

Question 4

revolving nose piece

Answer 4

rotating mount that holds many objective lenses, allows you to switch magnifications

Question 5

objective lenses

Answer 5

gathers light from a specimen and forms an inverted image, three different ones for three different magnifications

Question 6

stage

Answer 6

part where the specimen slide is placed for examination, can be moved up and down for examination of the specimen

Question 7

stage clips

Answer 7

clip tht holds a microscope slide in place on the stage

Question 8

diaphragm

Answer 8

adjusts the diameter of an opening to control the amount of light passing through the specimen

Question 9

lamp or mirror

Answer 9

supplies the light required to view the specimen

Question 10

arm

Answer 10

curved portion of the microscope that holds all the optical parts at a fixed distance and keeps them alligned

Question 11

base

Answer 11

bears the weight of all the parts of the microscope

Question 12

centimeter

Answer 12

cm —> 1/100 meters, useful for visible objects

Question 13

milimeter

Answer 13

mm—> 1/10 centimeters, useful for large particles or cells

Question 14

micrometer

Answer 14

um—> 1/1000 millimeter. useful for majority of their cells and components

Question 15

nanometer

Answer 15

nm—> 1/1000 micrometer, useful for large molecules and most cell parts

Question 16

angstrom

Answer 16

A—> 1/10 nanometer, useful for molecules and atoms

Question 17

field of view

Answer 17

everything the circle allows you to see

Question 18

FOV diameter

Answer 18

distance across the FOV

Question 19

formula for “estimated size of one specimen”

Answer 19

field diameter/# of specimen the circle allows you to see

Question 20

inversely proportional

Answer 20

something goes up 5X, it will go down 5x

Question 21

bright field microscopy

Answer 21

using light to magnify

Question 22

contrast

Answer 22

light + dark between two structures

Question 23

resolution

Answer 23

the ability to see the difference between two things based on how they absorb and reflect light

Question 24

resolution

Answer 24

the ability to distinguish between two structures that are very close together

Question 25

TEM

Answer 25

electron pass through surface, magnifies up to 1 500 000x, hard to make thin, 2D black and white, resolution 2.5nm

Question 26

SEM

Answer 26

electrons bounce, 3D image in color, magnifies up to 300 000x, resolution of 20nm

Question 27

spontaneous generation

Answer 27

idea that life could emerge spontaneously from non living matter

Question 28

Janssen Brothers

Answer 28

1595, discovered the first microscope, it had two lenses

Question 29

Robert Hooke

Answer 29

1665, microscope with three lens system, came up with the name “cells”

Question 30

Antoni van Leeuwenhoek

Answer 30

1665, first to see bacteria and small living things move

Question 31

Francesco Redi

Answer 31

1668, maggots are from flies not spontaneous generation, using closed jar with meat

Question 32

John Needham

Answer 32

1745, bad experiment broth was not boiled enough, proved spontaneous generation

Question 33

Spallanzani

Answer 33

1773, boiling does kill micro-organisms

Question 34

M.J. Schiedam/Schwann

Answer 34

1834, plants and animals are made of cells

Question 35

Robert Brown

Answer 35

1833, discovered the nucleus and recognized it was important

Question 36

Virchow

Answer 36

1859, all cells are produced by cells

Question 37

Louis Pasteur

Answer 37

1864, micro-organisms in the air produced life, swan neck experiment

Question 38

cell theory

Answer 38

living things are made of cells
cells are the basic unit of structure and function of living things
cells come from other cells

Question 39

stain

Answer 39

color agents that improve the contrast between internal structures and producing better images