unit one

Question 1

what is anthropology?

Answer 1

the study of humankind (culture, societies)

Question 2

what is participant observation?

Answer 2

the study of behaviour by immersing themselves in the activity being studied

Question 3

what is intuition?

Answer 3

an instinctive feeling, basic truth

Question 4

what is kinship?

Answer 4

social relationships (familial ties)

Question 5

define patrilineal and matrilineal?

Answer 5

patrilineal - descent through fathers
matrilineal - descent through mothers

Question 6

what is fictive kinship?

Answer 6

social ties that are not family (friendships)

Question 7

define physical anthropology.

Answer 7

human biological and physiological characteristics

Question 8

define cultural anthropology.

Answer 8

human societies and cultures and its development

Question 9

define archaeological anthropology.

Answer 9

human behaviour and culture through history

Question 10

who is diane fossey?

Answer 10

she studied gorillas and lived with them

Question 11

who is jane goodall?

Answer 11

she studied chimpanzees

Question 12

what is structural functionalism?

Answer 12

the theory that society is a structure with interrelated parts to contribute to society

Question 13

what is cultural functionalism?

Answer 13

the physical and economic aspects of society (values, beliefs, worldviews)

Question 14

what is psychology?

Answer 14

the study of the mind

Question 15

what is stimulus response?

Answer 15

learning and behaviour explained through interactions between stimuli and responses they evoke

Question 16

what is operant conditioning?

Answer 16

b.f. skinner - learning through reward and punishment reinforcers

Question 17

what is experimental psychology?

Answer 17

experimenting with basic psychological processes such as learning and memory

Question 18

what is clinical psychology?

Answer 18

understanding human science, behavioural science, theory, and clinical knowledge

Question 19

what is psychoanalytic theory?

Answer 19

dynamics of personalities, development, and psychoanalysis

Question 20

what is behaviourism?

Answer 20

human behaviour can be explained through how they interact with their environment

Question 21

what is learning theory?

Answer 21

describes how students recieve, process, and retain knowledge during learning

Question 22

sigmund freud’s theories

Answer 22

neurosis - mental illness involving the symptoms of stress (depression, anxiety, obsessive behaviour, hypochondria)

Question 23

carl jung’s theories

Answer 23

extroverted and introverted personalities

Question 24

john b. watson’s theories

Answer 24

used animal experiments to determine if strict or flexible learning methods are more effective (behaviourism)

Question 25

benjamin spock's theories

Answer 25

Believed permissive approach would result in successful, well adjusted adults Child rearing - encouraging parents to be loving and supportive

Question 26

b.f. skinner's theories

Answer 26

stimulus response and operant conditioning - learning method that uses punishments to modify behaviour

Question 27

abraham maslow's theories

Answer 27

heirarchy of needs - analysis of human needs organized into a hierarchy

Question 28

ivan pavlov's theories

Answer 28

Experimented with dogs that showed it was possible to get a dog to associate the sound of a bell with the arrival OF FOOD

Question 29

albert bandura's theories

Answer 29

Concluded that is learning is part of the modeling experiment

Question 30

explain the following experiment and what branch of psychology it is: bobo doll experiment

Answer 30

social and developmental psychology - he studied how children learn by watching others

Question 31

explain the following experiment and what branch of psychology it is: kitty genovese / bystander

Answer 31

the bystander experiment - The murder of Kitty Genovese- she was murdered outside her apartment after a loud shouting was heard and 38 people witnessed it and did nothing

Question 32

what is sociology?

Answer 32

the study of society and people, how people behave in groups (culture, relationships)

Question 33

define heirarchy.

Answer 33

is a system of ranking, used for order and organization (boss, manager, worker)

Question 34

define roles.

Answer 34

roles define what someone should do (a teacher teaches, a student learns)

Question 35

define rules.

Answer 35

instructions that tell you what to do

Question 36

define norms.

Answer 36

norms come from society, can be written laws, manners, etc

Question 37

define values.

Answer 37

what an individual believes is important, comes from family, culture, and experiences

Question 38

define deviance.

Answer 38

an individual that thinks differently from societal norms

Question 39

define rehabilitation.

Answer 39

restoring people’s mental health to help regain their abilities to participate in daily activities

Question 40

what is structural functionalism?

Answer 40

a system for socializing and educating the young

Question 41

what is neo-marxism?

Answer 41

focuses on culture, politics, and economy, and how capitalism controls people

Question 42

what is symbolic interactionism?

Answer 42

how people create meaning through social interactions

Question 43

what is feminist theory?

Answer 43

sex and gender issues - the belief that woman have been disadvantaged in society because men have discriminated them

Question 44

what is marxian feminist theory?

Answer 44

exploitation of female workers, lower pay n shit

Question 45

what is liberal feminist theory?

Answer 45

achieving equal rights for women

Question 46

what is radical feminist theory?

Answer 46

women's natural family oriented role resulted in systematic oppression from men

Question 47

what is socialist feminist theory?

Answer 47

Patriarchy treats women unfairly based on gender, while capitalism uses people for profit, with patriarchy helping keep this system in place.

Question 48

what is inclusionism?

Answer 48

Conflict can happen between different ethnic, racial, and religious groups, as well as between rich and poor.

Question 49

what are skills and methods used by sociologists?

Answer 49

- Collection and analysis of statistics - Subject interviewed and questionnaires - Examining trends in society