Unit One- How far was the Treaty of Versailles fair

Question 1

Who are the Central Powers (WWI) [4]

Answer 1

1. Germany
2. Austria- Hungary
3. Turkey
4. Bulgaria

Question 2

Who are the Allies (WWI) [3]

Answer 2

1. Britain
2. France
3. USA

Question 3

What were the five aspects of Treaty of Versailles? [5]

Answer 3

1. War guilt
2. Reparations
3. Disarmament
4. Land
5. Covenant of League of Nations

Question 4

Describe the War guilt clause (TOV)

Answer 4

Germany and allies are blamed for war

Question 5

Describe Reparations clause (TOV)

Answer 5

Germany has to pay off debts to repair countries

Question 6

Describe disarmament clause (TOV) [4]

Answer 6

1. Army upto 100,000 men
2. No military/naval air force
3. No submarines
4. Rhineland demilitarized (allied army)

Question 7

Describe Land clause (TOV) [3]

Answer 7

1. Germany loses all colonies
2. Saar basin vote for control
3. Germany and Austria not allowed to unite

Question 8

Covenant of LON clause (TOV)

Answer 8

Germany had to agree with the covenant (Not part of original committee)

Question 9

What were France’s war experiences [2]

Answer 9

1. Flooding Mines
2. Destroyed Bridges, railways, towns/villages

Question 10

Who was George Clemenceau

Answer 10

1. President of PPC
2. Doctor, journalist, teacher

Question 11

George Clemenceau attitude in PPC [3]

Answer 11

1. Tough and Stubborn
2. Unforgiving
3. Wanted harsh peace

Question 12

What was George Clemenceau’s nickname?

Answer 12

The Tiger

Question 13

What did Clemenceau want from PPC

Answer 13

1. Permanent disarmament
2. High reparations
   3.Alcase- Lorraine
3. Some of Germany’s colonies

Question 14

What were Britain’s war experiences? [3]

Answer 14

1. suffered attacks on the mainland
2. heavy casualties
3. economy had been disrupted

Question 15

Who was David Lloyd George? [2]

Answer 15

1. The Prime minister of Britain
2. Lawyer

Question 16

DLG’s attitude in PPC [2]

Answer 16

1. Realist
2. Wanted to punish- not as hard

Question 17

What was DLG’s nickname

Answer 17

The man who won the War

Question 18

Why wasn’t DLG as harsh on Germany? [3]

Answer 18

1. Brit’s economy depended of Germany’s economy
2. Germany having Rhineland would mean they could grow industry
3. Weak Germany: easy spread of communism

Question 19

What ideas did DLG get Clemenceau to leave? [4]

Answer 19

1. Independent Rhineland
2. High Reparations
3. Saar Basin to France
   4.Danzig to Poland

Question 20

USA’s war experience [4]

Answer 20

1. Not involved till final year
2. No US land involved
3. Civilian death<800
4. Gained business through war

Question 21

Who was Woodrow Wilson?

Answer 21

1. President of the US
2. Lawyer

Question 22

Wilson’s attitude in PPC [3]

Answer 22

1. Idealist
2. Wanted peace
3. Had 14 points to bring peace back into Europe

Question 23

What did France get from the Treaty? [2]

Answer 23

1. Alsace Lorraine + German colonies
2. No German troops in Rhineland

Question 24

What was the Anglo American Treaty? [5]

Answer 24

1. Clem wanted a guaranteed treaty with allies
2. to assist France in future German aggression
3. Didn’t work:
4. US went isolated
5. GB didn’t give guarantees

Question 25

What were the positives of what USA got from the Treaty? [5]

Answer 25

1. LON added to peace treaty 2. All defeated powers to disarm 3. Germany kept Rhineland 4. Not very high reparations 5. Independent states

Question 26

What were the negatives of what USA got from the Treaty? [3]

Answer 26

1. Too harsh on Germany 2. Free navigation in water banned 3. Brit, France, Japan rewarded themselves with mandated territories

Question 27

Mandated territories meaning

Answer 27

Former German/Turkish colonies given to allies

Question 28

What did GB get out of the Treaty? [4]

Answer 28

1. Persuaded Clem to be moderate 2. 1.8 million sq miles 3. 13 million subjects 4. Germany punished without huge damage to economy

Question 29

What was the treaty's Impact on Germany? [4]

Answer 29

1. Too harsh 2. Diktat -weren't allowed in discussion of peace settlement 3. War guilt Clause was unfair - Driven Kaiser out of Germany 4. Disarmament - not enough men to protect Germany

Question 30

What were the political impacts of TOV on Germany [4]

Answer 30

1. Germany signing treaty seen as dishonor 2. People tries to overthrow gov 3. rebelled against Weimar + not giving support 4. Army members were furious at disarmament

Question 31

Economic Impacts of the TOV on Germany

Answer 31

1. 6.6bil pounds too much 2. pay reparations + lost resources 3. France didn't like Germany escaping reparations 4. France + Belgium occupied the Ruhr

Question 32

What happened in the occupation of the ruhr [7]

Answer 32

1. France + Belgium taking over 2. Germany peacefully striked 3. France expelled more than 100,000 people + killed over 130 4. Germany rehoused + fed the Ruhr population 5. Germany printed money leading to high inflation 6. Gustav Stresemann introduced new currency + stabilized finances 7. Agreed to pay reparations

Question 33

What was the Dawes Plan?

Answer 33

Loans from USA

Question 34

What was the Young plan?

Answer 34

Reparations decreased to 2 bil pounds

Question 35

Germany thought is was unfair that Wilson's 14 points were not incorporated into TOV, why? [4]

Answer 35

1. 14 points does not mention war guilt/reparations 2. 14 points said disarmament for all 3. Germany could not join LON 4. Many countries didn't get self determination

Question 36

What were the opinions about the Treaty?

Answer 36

1. Too Harsh: Germans thought so 2.Not Harsh Enough: France 3. Fair: Some believed the Treaty did the best in the circumstances