unit One Key Terms Flashcards
(34 cards)
Sugar act in the 13 colonies
Who: GB colonists
What: tightened enforcements of custom regulations
When: 1765
Why: Brit needed more money be of 7 years war
So what: It tested American unity opponents to the stamp act called for boycotts of British goods
Shay’s rebellion
Who: Debt-ridden farmers
What: armed movement led by farmers
When: 1786/1787
Where: Massachusetts
Why: Economic policy aggressive tax/ debt collection
So what: The rebellion led to the federal gov realizing they needed a stronger constitution and give more power
French and Indian war (a.k.a 7 years war)
Who: GB, France, American Colonist, Natives (Allies with French)
What: War fought between British and French
When: 1754-1763 ended w/ treaty of Paris
Where: North America
Why competition for land and power;expansion
So what; it decided the fate of territory between the Appalachians and Mississippi River. Treaty of Paris = France lost all its American mainland possession
Articles of confederation
Who:U.S.
What: a Written document setting up a loose confederation of states
When: 1777/ ratified 1781
Where: Colonies
So what: created congress w/ few powers. Congress had no power to tax, it was too weak which lead to a new one
Revolutionary war
Who: Patriots vs. loyalists , GB What: War between GB and colonist wanting freedom Where: American continent When: 1776 Why: colonists wanted independence So what: u.s. Won =new nation
Declaration of Independence
Who: TJ
What: U.S constitution; declaring Independence from Brits
When: 1776
Where: America
Why: to declare independence and state grievances
So what: shaped gov’t independence from Brits gov.
U.S. Constitution and bill of rights
Who: Federalists and anti Feds What: new u.s. Constitution When: created 1787 ratified 1788 Where: U.S. Why articles of confederacy too weak So What: Bill of Rights added to lessen anti-fed fears (feared strong central gov.) created 3 branches of government.
KY and VA
James Madison and TJ
What: protests against alien and sedition acts
When: 1789&1799
Where: KY VA
Why: alien and sedition acts viewed as unconstitutional
So What: stated/advocated that states have the right to nullify unconstitutional laws
Embargo Act
Who: TJ
What: Act passed that prohibited American ships from leaving for any foreign port
When: 1807
Why: because of impressment
So what: they economy went down bc it stopped trade
Jay’s Treaty
Who: Brit and U.S.
What: treaty w/GB ; U.S. Made major concessions to export
When:1794
Where:London
Why: release post war tensions
So what: British withdrawal from American soil, limited trade w/ Brit, represented Hamilton’s conceptions of American neutrality, Jeffersonian upset
1837 Rebellion
Who: ppl in upper and lower Canada
What: armed uprising that took place in lower Canada
When/where lower and upper Canada 1837
How: armed rebellion who wanted responsible gov
Why: motivated by frustration & political reform
So what: led to Brit North America act of 1840
British North America
Who: British, Brit north Am’s
What: colonies and territories of the British empire in N.A
When: 1700
Where: Present day Canada; continental North America
Why: British set up colonies there
So what: this area once was occupied by both the French and the British, however w/ the treaty of Paris, France lost all its land in North America
Iroquois
Who: a group of Native Indians; tribes
What: confederation of Indian tribes
When: 1700’s
Where: border between New France & New York
Why: joined to stand together against invasion.
So what: during the French & Indian war they would play off one Euro power against the other, to their advantage. Viewed as political threat even though undermined, for now.
Trail of tear/ Indian Territory
who; cherokee
what: removal of cherokees out of oklahoma
when:1838
How: 7,000 army escorted them out
Why: They interfered with the manifest destiny
So what: Lands of the Natives were taken to expand across the continent
Jacksonian Democracy
Who: Andrew Jackson What:suffrage, federalist when:1829-1837 how: restricted white supremacy So what: Jackson's presidency led to trail of tears
Texas Revolution
who: General Santa-Ana, Americans and Tejanos
what: A Rebellion against mexico
When: 1836
Where: Mexico
why: Texas wanted Independence
How: Texas held the mission Alamo fortress against santa ana
So what: Texas became an independent republic then was annexed by U.S.
Founding Fathers (7)
Who: John Adams, Benj Franklin, Alexander Hamilton John Jay, TJ, JAmes Madison, and George Washington.
What: contributed to advancement of the U.S.
Where: U.S.
So What: created documents and treaties and became presidents.
California
Who:James W. Marshall (found first piece of gold)
What: GOld Rush
when 1849
Where: sutter’s mill
why: cali was able to become a state because its population grew.
how; mine workers or ppl seeking to find gold
so what: Gold rush brought a diverse population into california (chinese miners)
James Polk (manifest destiny)
who: 11th president
what: believed in manifest destiny& started mexican american war
when; 1845-1849
why: to fulfill manifest destiny
how: took land from indian and defeated mexican
so what: U.S. gained oregon, texas, and cali
Federalist vs. Antifederalist
who: f= support constitution, AF= opposed constitution
What; competed for their side
where: U.S.
so what: formed national govs based beliefs
Nullification crisis
who: Andrew J & Calhoun led south carolina
what: sectional crisis during presidency of Andrew JAckson
when: 1832
how: Andrew Jackson sent federal troops
why: SC threatened to seced
upper and lower canada
who: British and French
what: upper= brits; lower= French
when: merged in 1840
where : canada
why: GB looked down on US
so what: Merged in 1840
Monroe Doctrine
who: written by James Monroe
what: a U.S. foreign policy regarding domination of American continent
when/where: written in 1823
why: To tell European powers to stay out of the western hemisphere
so what: Europeans didn’t stay out
Spanish Missions
Who: Catholic Church/ Father Sara
WHat: Series of 21 religious and military outposts
when:1769-1849
where: California
why: built to spread christianity among local nations
so what: Gov’t of Mexico secularized the missions and divided the land into land grants which became many of the Ranchos in CA
