Unit Test Flashcards
(34 cards)
Planet Order
My very easy method just speeds up names
Mercury
Venus
Earth
Mars
Jupiter
Saturn
Uranus
Neptune
Meteoroid
small object made of rock and ice
Meteors
object in atmosphere “shooting star”
Meteorite
Rocky body now on the ground
Asteroid
Rocky body orbiting the sun
Comets
dust, rock, and ice orbiting the sun
Moon
A natural satellite that orbits planets and asteroids
Seven Regions of the EM Spectrum
Radio
Microwave
Infrared
Visible
Ultraviolet
X-Ray
Gamma Ray
Blueshift
When light is squished together
Redshift
When light is stretched out
Doppler Effect
As a horn approaches, high pitch, as it leaves, lower pitch
What are the 2 things spectral lines tell us
Spectral lines tell us the elements in the star and the direction/speed it is going to
How are spectral lines used to determine the composition of a star
Each element absorbs some of each colour leaving a spectral line. By comparing these spectral lines from each element to the spectral lines in the stars, we can determine which elements are in the stars
How are spectral lines used to measure the velocity of moving stars
As the star gets closer to us, the star’s waves lengths squish causing it to blue-shift, as it gets further away, the wave lengths stretch causing it to red-shift. By examining the shift of the spectral lines, we can infer which direction the star is moving
What is Hubble’s Law and how was it discovered
That galaxies are moving away from Earth at a speed that is proportional to their distance
How does redshift/blueshift show that the universe is expanding
Astronomers can use redshift and blueshift to determine how far away an object is from the Earth
How does the Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation support the big bang
Found in a telescope in a distant universe, there are traces of leftover radiations from the Big Bang
How are stars formed
There is a big clump of dust and gasses, gravity pulls together the clump and turns it into a structure called a “protostar”
What is Nuclear Fusion
When gravity pulls hydrogen atoms together creating helium atoms
Small/medium star’s death
- Hydrogen runs out -> star collapses inwards -> temperature increases
- Helium fuses to make heavier elements
- The star expands and turns into a red giant
- fusion stops, star collapses, turns into white dwarf
- star cools down and comes black dwarf
Large star’s death
- Hydrogen runs out -> star collapses inwards -> temperature increases
- Helium fuses to make heavier elements
- The star expands and turns into a red giant
- star expands, and collapses red giant, creating a supernova
- Turns into neutron star
Massive star’s death
- Hydrogen runs out -> star collapses inwards -> temperature increases
- Helium fuses to make heavier elements
- The star expands and turns into a red giant
- star expands, and collapses red giant, creating a supernova
- Turns into black hole
How will our sun die
- Become red giant
- consume inner planets
- end up as a white dwarf
What is a nebula
a cloud of gas and dust
