Unit Test #2 Flashcards
(19 cards)
What caused the New York Stock Market to crash in 1929? Explain what buying on margin means.
-speculative investing
-excessive use of credit
-lack of regulation
Buying on margin means purchasing stocks by borrowing money from a broker
Causes of the Great Depression, including the ‘spark’.
Overproduction
economy slowed, could not sell products
Economic dependence on exports
dependent on primary resources
Tariffs & US protectionism
U.S. tariffs hurt Canada, worsening global economic depression
Debt from WWI
Countries struggled to pay back debts from WWI
Reckless speculation
Companies expanded by shares on margin, and couldn’t pay it back
Differences between King’s response to the Depression and Bennetts. Who responded more effectively?
King: hang on and wait it out
Bennett: used tariffs to protect Canadian markets
Bennett did as he did something to protect Canada.
What did Bennett’s New Deal involve?
Unemployment insurance
Minimum wage laws
Health and accident insurance
Old age pensions
Regulation of working conditions
Creation of public works programs
Three new political parties in Canada during the Depression
C.C.F: advocated minimum wage, unemployment insurance, government health care
Social Credit Party: promised every Albertan $25 a month, said that banks needlessly hoarded money
Union Nationale: focused on higher minimum wages, worker compensation, & a hydro-electric system in Quebec
How did the Nazis take control of Germany during the Depression?
What tactics did they use to gain control of the government?
-propaganda to blame Germany’s problems on jews & communists
-promised jobs, stability, and national pride
-posed themselves as the only party able to stop communism
-gained seats in the parliament
-used laws, violence, and control over society to establish a totalitarian state
During the depression, why did Germans like Hitler? How did he present himself to Germany? In what year does he become Chancellor of Germany? 1933
Liked him due to economic promises, nationalism, propaganda, & scapegoating.
Presented himself as a man of the people, a strong & decisive leader, & the only one who could save Germany.
Timeline & briefly identify the significance of each step
Treaty of Versailles
Japanese invasion of Manchuria
Hitler becomes chancellor of Germany
Italy invades Abyssinia
German troops reoccupy the Rhineland
Japan invades China
Germany annexes Australia
Munich conference over the Sudetenland
Germany occupies the Sudetenland
Germany occupies the remainder of Czechoslovakia
Nazi-Soviet Non-aggression pact signed
Germany Invades Poland
Britain declares war on Germany
Canada declares war on Germany
What was the Munich Conference? Who was/wasn’t invited? Outcome?
Policy of Appeasement and how did it contribute to Hitler’s early gains in Europe?
Conference: address Hitler’s demands to annex the Sudetenlan
Invited: Britain, France, Germany, Italy. Not Czech
Outcome: Britain & France give Germany the Sudentenland
Policy: strategy used to avoid conflict with aggressive powers by conceding to some of their demands. Hitler got the Sudentendland, Czech, Austria
How did World War Two actually begin? What was the initial outcome?
On September 1st, 1939, German forces invade Poland
Poland is defeated within 6 weeks
What happened at Dunkirk?
Massive Allied evacuation, German forces conquered France
Significance of the Battle of Britain. What new technology gave Britain a distinct advantage over attacking German forces?
Britain successfully defended against German air attacks, preventing a Nazi invasion, Hitlers first defeat.
Advantage: radar technology, which helped detect incoming German aircraft early
What role did women play in WWII in Canada?
-played crucial roles in war industries; welders & machine operators
-high demand as factory workers in order to keep factories running
-volunteer work
-military service (CWAC)
What is rationing? What sorts of materials/goods where rationed during WWII?
Limits how much food people can buy or receive.
-meat -sugar -butter -coffee
What was the BCATP? How did it contribute to the war effort?
Program that trained pilots for the war.
-trained 130k+ pilots
-prepared airmen
Describe the Second Conscription Crisis. How was it resolved? Was the outcome better or worse for Canada than the First Conscription Crisis of WWI?
Government introduced conscription.
Resolved by only drafting men who weren’t already overseas.
Better; less intense and more carefully managed
What was the Holocaust? Why is it significant in 20th century history?
Murder of 6 million Jews by Nazi Germany.
One of the most horrific examples of genocide, leading to major human rights reforms.
Why were Japanese Canadians were interred during WWII in Canada. Was this action by the Canadian government justified?
Due to widespread fear & racism & concern that they were helping Japan out.
Yes, regarded it as a necessary wartime measure for national security.
Describe the Manhattan Project. What was its goal/purpose? What was its outcome in WWII?
Secret US government initiative that developed the first atomic bombs.
Goal: develop atomic weapons before Nazi Germany or any other enemy could build them
Was successful, contributed to the end of the war.
