Unit Test

Question 1

John Locke

Answer 1

Wrote: Two treatises of government
Ideas: Gov’t exists at the consent of the people. Three natural rights: life, liberty, and property.

Question 2

Thomas Hobbes

Answer 2

Wrote: Leviathan
Ideas: All people are born evil and selfish. Believed absolute monarchs who should demand absolute obedience

Question 3

Adam Smith

Answer 3

Wrote: Wealth of Nations
Ideas: Hands off economy (capitalism)

Question 4

Baron de Montesquieu

Answer 4

Wrote: Spirit of Laws
Ideas: Separation of powers in gov’t (Legislative, judicial , and executive)

Question 5

Voltaire

Answer 5

Wrote: The Candide
Ideas: Freedom of religion and speech. Strong critic of Catholic Church

Question 6

Beccaria

Answer 6

Wrote: On Crimes and Punishments
Ideas: Against judicial crime. Punishment should be used to prevent crime and it should fit crime committed.

Question 7

Jean Jacques Rousseau

Answer 7

Wrote: The Social Contract
Ideas: Gov’t created by and subject to the will of the people (popular sovereignty)

Question 8

Galileo Galilei

Answer 8

Law of pendulum and telescope

Question 9

Nicolaus Copernicus

Answer 9

Heliocentric theory, released book after his death

Question 10

Isaac Newton

Answer 10

Law of gravity