unit test for ecology

Question 1

definition of commensalism

Answer 1

when one species benefits from a relationship with another species without any harm or benefit to other species

Question 2

definition for parasitism

Answer 2

when one species benefits at the expense of another species

Question 3

definition of mutualism

Answer 3

when both species benefit from the symbiotic partnership

Question 4

maximum number of species an ecosystem can support

Answer 4

carrying capacity

Question 5

organisms that are experiencing declining population that may eventually result in their disappearance

Answer 5

endangered

Question 6

non-living factors associated with ecosystems

Answer 6

abiotic

Question 7

process of producing carbohydrates from carbon dioxide,water,sunlight

Answer 7

photosynthesis

Question 8

the process of moving a nutrient back and forth between the biotic and abiotic components an ecosystem

Answer 8

nutrient cycle

Question 9

group of members of the same species that live in the same area

Answer 9

population

Question 10

chemicals that kill unwanted organisms

Answer 10

pesticides

Question 11

loss of biodiversity due to changes in average temperature and rainfall

Answer 11

climate change

Question 12

number of different types of organisms in an area

Answer 12

biodiversity

Question 13

alteration of a habitat so that the native species can no longer live there

Answer 13

habitat change

Question 14

use of a resource faster than it can be replaced

Answer 14

overexploitation

Question 15

the gradual build-up of a substance throughout a food web

Answer 15

bioaccumulation

Question 16

non-native species that causes harm to the ecosystem into which it has been introduced

Answer 16

invasive species

Question 17

both species benefit from a symbiotic partnership

Answer 17

mutualism

Question 18

unplanned, disorganized growth of urban and suburban development into the surrounding countryside affecting biodiversity

Answer 18

urban sprawl

Question 19

a complex, self-regulating system made up of a group of living organisms and their abiotic environment

Answer 19

ecosystem

Question 20

using an ecosystem’s resources in a way that meets our current needs without compromising the ability of future generation to meet their needs

Answer 20

sustainable use

Question 21

interaction between two or more organisms needing the same resource in a given habitat

Answer 21

competition

Question 22

when one organism eats another organism to obtain food

Answer 22

predation

Question 23

a species that is at risk of becoming endangered if limiting factors are not reversed

Answer 23

at risk/ threatened

Question 24

any substance added to the environment that produces a condition that is harmful to organisms

Answer 24

pollution

Question 25

the region on Earth where life exists

Answer 25

biosphere

Question 26

one species benefits at the expense of another species

Answer 26

parasitism

Question 27

environmental factor that prevents an increase in the number of organisms

Answer 27

limiting factors ( is there enough water, space, or food for many animals to live)

Question 28

List two producers name one herbivore how many omnivores are there?name them what is the trophic level of the fox? what would happen if the rodent began to die of diease?

Answer 28

flower and grass ( or other producers) rodent or any other ones there are 2, bears and birds third and fourth trophic level an increase on producers and a decrease population of bears,owls,and foxes

Question 29

Answer 29

Question 30

Answer 30

Question 31

What is the role of bacteria?

Answer 31

bacteria helps break down nutrient in the soil. ( They decompose)

Question 32

How does carbon cycle through photosynthesis and cellular respiration

Answer 32

Cellular respiration uses oxygen and release carbon dioxide in the air. Photosynthesis uses carbon dioxide and releases oxygen. The plants absorb the carbon dioxide from cellular respiration and the animals breathe in oxygen from photosynthesis

Question 33

name a abiotic factor that limits a population?

Answer 33

pollutant limits a population of organism because animals likes to live where the air is cleanand fresh. If they livein anevironment that is full of pollution in the air and water. It willmake them really sick and die and their population will go decrease

Question 34

why does heavy metal affect top consumers most?

Answer 34

Top consumers have very large concentration of merxcury in their body because; mercury enters the soil mercury is being absorbed by plants plants eaten by consumers top carnivores have mercury from many plants,herbivores, and carnivores in their bodies (bioaccumulation)

Question 35

what would happen to the lake if the fertilizer ran into it?

Answer 35

- called non-point source pollution - as fertilizers enters lakes , and causes increase in nutrients - resluts in algae population to go up - algae consume too much O2 to other organisms die off

Question 36

Zerba mussels enter the great lakes write two postive and two negative ways they effect the great lake

Answer 36

positive #1 provided habitat for snails (shell) positive #2 controlled algae population negative #1 they can outcompete any native species negative #2 they reproduce very fast because they don't have any predators

Question 37

what type of relationship is shown in the graph? Explain how the fluctuations in the 2 population is realted

Answer 37

predator-prey relationship If there are more prey then that means the following year there would be more predators

Question 38

Pyramid of biomass accounts for the ___ of the organisms at each trophic level

Answer 38

Size

Question 39

what is biomass

Answer 39

total dry mass of tissues

Question 40

why do people against using pesticides? ( name 4)

Answer 40

- goes into our air our water system our health distrup food web

Question 41

what is an invasive species?

Answer 41

non-antive species that cuases harm to the ecosystem into which it has been indroduced

Question 42

2 types of invasive species

Answer 42

round goby zebra mussle

Question 43

how do invasive species gets into new ecosystem?

Answer 43

- by the ballast tanks of ship dumping the the ballast water into lakes

Question 44

name 4 human impacts on ecosystem

Answer 44

1. Habitate change, making speices die or move ( clearcutting, forestry, urban sprawl ) 2. Overexploitation using resource faster then it can be replaced ( OVERFISHING, OVERUSE OF WATER) 3. Pollution adding harmful things to the enviornment ( garbage in landfill, water contminants ( oil spill point source, fertilizers and salt from land non point source) 4. Invasive Species